ArticleEnvironmental toxicology2021
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure induces female reproductive toxicity and alters the intestinal microbiota community structure and fecal metabolite profile in mice.
Article in Environmental toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanistic insights and ameliorative strategies: advances in DEHP-induced metabolic toxicity and intervention by natural bioactive compounds and probiotics.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Phthalate-Induced Accelerated Ovarian Aging in Experimental Models.Current environmental health reports · 2026Review
- From Gut to Reproductive Health: Exploring Microbiome Interactions and Future Interventions.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Review
- Vinclozolin and MEHP disrupt piRNA and miRNA expression and increase apoptosis in embryonic mouse ovaries.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Lactiplantibacillus plantarum RS20D Alleviates Male Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Pubertal Exposure to Di-n-butyl Phthalate and Mono-n-butyl Phthalate.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Bayesian benchmark dose modeling analysis and derivation of points of departure for female reproductive toxicity following exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) - effects on reproductive hormones, folliculogenesis and estrous cyclicity.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Article
- The risk factors, pathogenesis and treatment of premature ovarian insufficiency.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Review
- Di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate decrease pregnancy rate via disrupting the microbe-gut-hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in mice.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces endometriosis by modulating IGF-1 m6A methylation via the intestinalCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Correlation analysis between changes in oral and vaginal/intestinal microbiota during pregnancy and threatened preterm birth in pregnant women.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome speciesCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Systemic investigation of di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP) exposure in the risk of cardiovascular via influencing the gut microbiota arachidonic acid metabolism in obese mice model.Regenerative therapy · 2024Article
- Inducers and Inhibitors of Pyroptotic Death of Granulosa Cells in Models of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2024Review
- Prenatal exposure to an environmentally relevant phthalate mixture alters serum cytokine levels and inflammatory markers in the F1 mouse ovary.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Article
- Micro(nano)plastics and Their Potential Impact on Human Gut Health: A Narrative Review.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Deciphering the Role of the Gut Microbiota in Exposure to Emerging Contaminants and Diabetes: A Review.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Gut microbiota-gonadal axis: the impact of gut microbiota on reproductive functions.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- AnFrontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The impact of dioctyl phthalate exposure on multiple organ systems and gut microbiota in mice.Heliyon · 2023Article
- The effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on ovarian- and ovulation-related fertility outcomes.Molecular reproduction and development · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most commonly used plasticizers, and it is widely applied in various plastic products. DEHP is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that has been shown to disrupt the function of reproductive system in females. Although many studies have shown that DEHP potentially causes female reproductive toxicity, including depletion of the primordial follicle and decreased sex hormone production, the specific mechanisms by which DEHP affects female reproduction remain unknown. In recent years, research focused on the intestinal flora has provided an idea to eliminate our confusion, and gut bacterial dysbiosis may contribute to female reproductive toxicity. In the present study, the feces of DEHP-exposed mice were collected and analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted global metabolite profiling of metabolomics. DEHP obviously causes reproductive toxicity, including the ovarian organ coefficient, estradiol level, histological features of the ovary and estrus. Furthermore, DEHP exposure alters the structure of the intestinal microbiota community and fecal metabolite profile in mice, suggesting that the reproductive toxicity may be caused by gut bacterial dysbiosis and altered metabolites, such as changes in the levels of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). Additionally, it is well known that changes in gut microbiota and fecal metabolites cause inflammation and tissue oxidative stress, expectedly, we found oxidative stress in the ovary and systemic inflammation in DEHP exposed mice. Thus, based on our findings, DEHP exposure may cause gut bacterial dysbiosis and altered metabolite profiles, particularly SCFA profiles, leading to oxidative stress in the ovary and systemic inflammation to ultimately induce female reproductive toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.