Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33665609›Full record

ArticleBiofilm2021

Oral seeding and niche-adaptation of middle ear biofilms in health.

Joo-Young Lee, Kristin M Jacob, Kazem Kashefi, Gemma Reguera

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biofilm, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Microbiome and its Association with Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Pharynx.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. A review of the auditory-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Microbiota Associated With Cholesteatoma Tissue in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Joo-Young LeeDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, MI, USA.
Kristin M JacobDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, MI, USA.
Kazem KashefiDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, MI, USA.
Gemma RegueraDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, MI, USA.
Michigan State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The entrenched dogma of a sterile middle ear mucosa in health is incongruent with its periodic aeration and seeding with saliva aerosols. To test this, we sequenced 16S rRNA-V4 amplicons from otic secretions collected at the nasopharyngeal orifice of the tympanic tube and, as controls, oropharyngeal and buccal samples. The otic samples harbored a rich diversity of oral keystone genera and similar functional traits but were enriched in anaerobic genera in the Bacteroidetes (

Indexed as

DiversET, Eustachian tubeEustachian tubeMiddle earOral dispersalOtic infectionsOtic microbiomeOTUs, Operational taxonomic unitsPCoA, Principle coordinates analysisPCR, Polymerase chain reactionrRNA, Ribosomal RNA

Identifiers

PMID33665609
PMCPMC7822943
OpenAlexW3133535706

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.