Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33664323›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Longitudinal optical coherence tomography to visualize the in vivo response of middle ear biofilms to antibiotic therapy.

Jungeun Won, Wenzhou Hong, Pawjai Khampang, Darold R Spillman, Samuels Marshall, Ke Yan, Ryan G Porter, Michael A Novak, Joseph E Kerschner, Stephen A Boppart

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Artificial Intelligence in Label-Free Optical Imaging Applications.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. In Vivo Optical Characterization of Middle Ear Effusions and Biofilms During Otitis Media.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2023
    Observational
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Differentiation of otitis media-causing bacteria and biofilmsFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jungeun Won *Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Wenzhou Hong *Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Pawjai KhampangDepartment of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Darold R SpillmanBeckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Samuels MarshallDepartment of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Ke YanSection of Quantitative Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Ryan G PorterDepartment of Otolaryngology, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA.
Michael A NovakDepartment of Otolaryngology, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA.
Joseph E KerschnerDepartment of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. JKerschner@mcw.edu.
Stephen A BoppartDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. boppart@illinois.edu.
Medical College of Wisconsin · USUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USCarle Foundation Hospital · US

Funding

Partnership for Primary Care Imaging of the EarR01EB013723 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI BOPPART, STEPHEN A · 2011 to 2018
$6.4M
Integration of Raman Spectroscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography (RS-OCT) for In-Vivo Identification of Bacterial Otitis MediaR01EB028615 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI BOPPART, STEPHEN A, MAHADEVAN-JANSEN, ANITA · 2019 to 2022
$2.5M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB013723NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB028615
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Studying the impact of antibiotic treatment on otitis media (OM), the leading cause of primary care office visits during childhood, is critical to develop appropriate treatment strategies. Tracking dynamic middle ear conditions during antibiotic treatment is not readily applicable in patients, due to the limited diagnostic techniques available to detect the smaller amount and variation of middle ear effusion (MEE) and middle ear bacterial biofilm, responsible for chronic and recurrent OM. To overcome these challenges, a handheld optical coherence tomography (OCT) system has been developed to monitor in vivo response of biofilms and MEEs in the OM-induced chinchilla model, the standard model for human OM. As a result, the formation of MEE as well as biofilm adherent to the tympanic membrane (TM) was longitudinally assessed as OM developed. Various types of MEEs and biofilms in the chinchilla model were identified, which showed comparable features as those in humans. Furthermore, the effect of antibiotics on the biofilm as well as the amount and type of MEEs was investigated with low-dose and high-dose treatment (ceftriaxone). The capability of OCT to non-invasively track and examine middle ear conditions is highly beneficial for therapeutic OM studies and will lead to improved management of OM in patients.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiofilmsCeftriaxoneChinchillaDisease Models, AnimalEar, MiddleHumansOtitis MediaOtitis Media with EffusionTomography, Optical CoherenceTympanic MembraneAnti-Bacterial AgentsCeftriaxone

Identifiers

PMID33664323
PMCPMC7933323
OpenAlexW3135373134

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.