Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33664255›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

A multiplexed, automated evolution pipeline enables scalable discovery and characterization of biosensors.

Brent Townshend, Joy S Xiang, Gabriel Manzanarez, Eric J Hayden, Christina D Smolke

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Tunable gene expression in zebrafish using RiboSCALE.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Programming Next-Generation Synthetic Biosensors by Genetic Circuit Design.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Rolling circle transcription-based fluorescent aptasensor for highly sensitive and onsite detection of microcystin-LR.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Brent Townshend *Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Joy S Xiang *Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6400-1876
Gabriel ManzanarezDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Eric J HaydenDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6078-5418
Christina D SmolkeDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. csmolke@stanford.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-5449-8495

Funding

Frameworks for programming ligand-responsive RNA regulatory systemsR01GM086663 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI ENDY, DREW · 2009 to 2024
$3.7M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM086663
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biosensors are key components in engineered biological systems, providing a means of measuring and acting upon the large biochemical space in living cells. However, generating small molecule sensing elements and integrating them into in vivo biosensors have been challenging. Here, using aptamer-coupled ribozyme libraries and a ribozyme regeneration method, de novo rapid in vitro evolution of RNA biosensors (DRIVER) enables multiplexed discovery of biosensors. With DRIVER and high-throughput characterization (CleaveSeq) fully automated on liquid-handling systems, we identify and validate biosensors against six small molecules, including five for which no aptamers were previously found. DRIVER-evolved biosensors are applied directly to regulate gene expression in yeast, displaying activation ratios up to 33-fold. DRIVER biosensors are also applied in detecting metabolite production from a multi-enzyme biosynthetic pathway. This work demonstrates DRIVER as a scalable pipeline for engineering de novo biosensors with wide-ranging applications in biomanufacturing, diagnostics, therapeutics, and synthetic biology.

Indexed as

Aptamers, NucleotideBiosensing TechniquesGene ExpressionGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMetabolic EngineeringRNA, CatalyticSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSynthetic BiologyAptamers, NucleotideGreen Fluorescent ProteinsRNA, Catalytic

Identifiers

PMID33664255
PMCPMC7933316

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.