ArticleBMJ open2021
Patient-reported burden of dry eye disease in the UK: a cross-sectional web-based survey.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between dry mouth and dry eyes: a systematic literature review of clinical evidence.Rheumatology international · 2025Pooled it
- Sutureless Dehydrated Amniotic Membrane (Omnigen) Application Using a Specialised Bandage Contact Lens (OmniLenz) for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: A 6-Month Randomised Control Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Trial
- Matching-adjusted indirect comparison of phase 3 clinical trial outcomes of OC-01 (varenicline solution) nasal spray and lifitegrast 5% ophthalmic solution for the treatment of dry eye disease.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2023Trial
- Improvement in Visual-Tasking Daily Living Activities and Work Productivity in Patients with Dry Eye Disease: Integrated Analysis of COMET Studies.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Prevalence of dry eye disease symptoms and impact on quality-of-life among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Economic Burden of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Patients and Caregivers in the UK, Europe, and North America.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Visual Functioning and Mental Health in the Digital Age.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Prevalence of dry eye disease symptoms, associated factors and impact on quality of life among medical students during the pandemic.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of dry eye disease in Argentina.Discover public health · 2024Article
- New advances in medical management of dry eye: optimizing treatment strategies for enhanced relief.International ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Reducing the stress of corneal neuropathic pain: 'Pain without Stain'.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Effects of social support on vision-related quality of life in older adults with dry eye disease: the chain mediating role of illness perception and coping style.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Ocular Surface Health in Connection with Anxiety and Depression: a Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Review
- Electroacupuncture for mild-to-moderate dry eye: study protocol for a multicentre, randomised, single-blind, sham-controlled trial.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Management of inflammation in dry eye disease: Recommendations from a European panel of experts.European journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Patient-reported burden and overall impact of dry eye disease across eight European countries: a cross-sectional web-based survey.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Risk of Dry Eye Disease and Corneal Surface Damage: A Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Chinese Version of the Vision-Related Quality of Life (NEI-VFQ-25) among Patients with Various Ocular Disorders: A Pilot Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Dry Eye Disease Among Mongolian and Han Older Adults in Grasslands of Northern China: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Vision-Related Quality of Life.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Determining value and the contribution of ciclosporin-based therapies in dry eye disease: a European expert MCDA pilot study.Global & regional health technology assessmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo compare sociodemographics and vision-related quality of life (QoL) of individuals with or without dry eye disease (DED); and to explore the impact of DED symptom severity on visual function, activity limitations and work productivity.
designCross-sectional web-based survey.
settingGeneral UK population.
participantsAdults ≥18 years with (N=1002) or without (N=1003) self-reported DED recruited through email and screened.
main outcome measuresAll participants completed the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), with six additional questions (items A3-A8), and the EuroQol 5 dimensions 5 levels. DED participants also completed Impact of Dry Eye on Everyday Life questionnaire, 5-item Dry Eye Questionnaire and the Standardised Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness questionnaire along with the Ocular Comfort Index, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment and the Eye Dryness Score (EDS), a Visual Analogue Scale.
resultsBaseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in participants with versus without DED (mean age, 55.2 vs 55.0 years; 61.8% vs 61.0% women, respectively) based on recruitment targets. Scores were derived from NEI VFQ-25 using the new 28-item revised VFQ (VFQ-28R) scoring. Mean (SD) VFQ-28R scores were lower in participants with versus without DED, indicating worse functioning (activity limitations, 73.3 (12.3) vs 84.4 (12.3); socioemotional functioning, 75.3 (21.5) vs 90.3 (16.2); total score, 71.6 (12.8) vs 83.6 (12.6)). Higher percentages of problems/inability to do activities were observed among those with versus without DED. The impact of DED on visual function was worse for participants with more severe DED symptoms, as assessed by EDS. In addition, a higher EDS was associated with worse symptoms on common DED scales and a worse impact on work productivity.
conclusionsDED symptoms were associated with negative effects on visual function, activities and work productivity, whereas worse DED symptoms had a greater impact on vision-related QoL and work productivity.
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