ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2021
Lower normal free thyroxine is associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome: a retrospective cohort on Chinese population.
Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation of Thyroid Hormone Levels and Sensitivity With Metabolic Syndrome in Older Adults.Journal of diabetes · 2026Article
- The effects of obesity on thyroid function in a metabolically healthy high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet-induced obese rat model.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Associations of dichlorophenol with metabolic syndrome based on multivariate-adjusted logistic regression: a U.S. nationwide population-based study 2003-2016.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- High free triiodothyronine, and free-triiodothyronine-to-free-thyroxine ratio are associated with metabolic syndrome in a euthyroid employee population: the Zhejiang Zhenhai study.Endocrine connections · 2023Article
- Effect of the Marine Exercise Retreat Program on Thyroid-Related Hormones in Middle-Aged Euthyroid Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Combined prognostic value of preoperative serum thyrotrophin and thyroid hormone concentration in papillary thyroid cancer.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
- Thyroid Function Assessment in Saudi Males with Metabolic Syndrome.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciencesArticle
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13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecently, the relationship between thyroid hormones (THs) across the euthyroid ranges and metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been widely discussed. This study aimed to present specific cutoff values of THs to assess the association between THs and MetS in a euthyroid cohort.
methodsData of 2694 subjects, aged 18-80 years, who attended health examination in Xi'an Electric Power Central Hospital from April 2011 to December 2015 were collected and analyzed. The first cohort enrolled 929 participants (followed up by 2221 person-years totally) to assess correlations between serum thyrotropin (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) levels and MetS. The second cohort included 698 participants (followed up by 1709 person-years totally) to evaluate relationships between serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) levels and MetS. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) scientific statements of 2009. Euthyroidism was defined as serum TSH, FT3 and FT4 levels within the reference ranges without taking any thyroid medication.
resultsThe cutoff values for TSH, T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 were 2.0mIU/L, 1.9 nmol/L, 117 nmol/L, 4.3 pmol/L and 16 pmol/L, respectively. Participants were categorized into two groups according to cutoff values: the lower-THs group and the higher-THs group. There was no significant difference in the risk of MetS between two groups in TSH, T3, T4 and FT3. The incidence of MetS was significantly higher in lower-FT4 group than higher-FT4 group (1.00 vs 0.622 (0.458, 0.846), P = 0.002). The lower-FT4/higher-TSH group had the highest hazard ratios of MetS. (2.131vs 1.0 (1.380,3.291), P = 0.006).
conclusionsLower normal FT4 (FT4 ≤ 16.0 pmol/L) is an independent risk factor for MetS, and lower normal thyroid function (TSH > 2.0 mIU/L and FT4 ≤ 16.0 pmol/L) is associated with a higher risk of developing MetS.
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