ArticleJournal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association2021
Premenstrual syndrome, a common but underrated entity: review of the clinical literature
Article in Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improving Female Health at Various Life Stages:Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025Pooled it
- Association between physical activity and risk of premenstrual syndrome among female college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2024Pooled it
- Academic and Social Impact of Menstrual Disturbances in Female Medical Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of symptom map-based education in the management of premenstrual syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Trial
- The effect of aromatherapy intervention with Bergamot and Grapefruit essential oils on premenstrual syndrome and menstrual symptoms: a randomized controlled trial.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Acute effects of virtual reality-based relaxation and exergaming on primary dysmenorrhea symptoms.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2025Trial
- The effects of positive psychology and physical activity on depression, anxiety, and stress among students with premenstrual syndrome: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial.BMC women's health · 2024Trial
- Premenstrual Disorders in Adolescents: An Interdisciplinary Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- ADHD and the female reproductive stages: menstruation, perinatal and menopause.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Psychosocial and lifestyle factors associated with premenstrual syndrome symptoms among Chinese female college students: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Premenstrual Syndrome and Nutritional Factors: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Premenstrual symptoms and academic performance: exploring female medical students' experience, triggering factors, and coping approaches.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Article
- Superficial heat therapy in women's health.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Effect of hypnosis on psychological distress in female university students with premenstrual syndrome.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- Association between premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder and presence of ASD or ADHD among adolescent females: a retrospective study.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Article
- Article
- Physical, Psychological, and Behavioral Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome in Relation to Body Size and Shape.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Premenstrual Syndrome, Ultra-Processed Food Intake, and Food Cravings: A New Perspective.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) are characterized by somatic and psychologic symptoms that arise at the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and subside with menstruation. For definitive diagnosis prospectively self-reported symptoms should demonstrate a cyclic pattern and other psychological pathologies and thyroid dysfunction, that may present with similar symptoms, should be excluded. Both entities affect millions of women at reproductive age as the prevalence of PMS is given as 10-98% while PMDD affects 2-8%. Sex steroids and neurotransmitters have a central role in the etiology. The role of vitamins and minerals in the etiology and treatment of PMS and PMDD is open to discussion. Drugs that suppress ovarian sex steroid production, such as combined oral contraceptives or selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors enhancing central serotonin delivery are used for treatment. Life-style changes and regular exercise also have a positive effect in milder cases. Tricyclic antidepressants and gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues can be used in selected cases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.