ArticlePloS one2021
Subcutaneous immunoglobulins replacement therapy in secondary antibody deficiencies: Real life evidence as compared to primary antibody deficiencies.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Economic Implications of Immunoglobulin Use Under Restrictive Conditions in Adult Patients With Neurological Diseases and Immunodeficiencies in Spain.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Bridging the Gap in Secondary Antibody Deficiencies: Current Evidence and Unmet Needs in Diagnosis and Management with Immunoglobulin Replacement.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Disparities in health-related quality of life between patients with primary and secondary antibody deficiencies.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- Immunoglobulin replacement therapy in patients with primary and secondary immunodeficiencies: impact of infusion method on immunoglobulin-specific perceptions of quality of life and treatment satisfaction.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2025Article
- Secondary antibody deficiencies: what's around the corner?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Patient-centered outcomes with subcutaneous immunoglobulin use for infection control in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies: data of a GEIE Spanish Registry.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Patient-reported outcomes with subcutaneous immunoglobulin in secondary immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- IgG replacement in multiple myeloma.Blood cancer journal · 2024Review
- Economic evaluation: immunoglobulin vs prophylactic antibiotics in hypogammaglobulinemia and hematological malignancies.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Should treatment of hypogammaglobulinemia with immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) become standard of care in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- A Retrospective Study on the Efficacy of Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin as Compared to Intravenous Formulation in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Secondary Antibody Deficiency.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- Vaccination in PADs.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Access and use of immunoglobulins in supportive cancer care: A thematic analysis of a systematic review data set.The journal of medicine accessArticle
- Access and use of immunoglobulins in secondary supportive cancer care: A systematic literature review.The journal of medicine accessReview
- Cost minimization analysis of subcutaneous and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in Italy.Global & regional health technology assessmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Secondary antibody deficiencies (SAD) may require immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT). While the intravenous route (IVIG) is broadly considered effective in SAD, the use of subcutaneous immunoglobulins (SCIG) is mainly adopted from the experience in primary antibody deficiencies (PAD), where SCIG have been shown to perform as effective as IVIG. However, evidence-based data on SCIG administration in SAD patients are still insufficient. Herein we retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety profile of SCIG treatment in 131 SAD patients as compared to a group of 102 PAD patients. We found SCIG being equally effective in reducing annual infectious rate both in SAD and PAD patients. However, SAD patients required lower SCIG dosage and lower IgG through level to achieve similar biological effect in terms of infection burden, at the steady state. SAD patients also showed better correlation between SCIG dose and serum IgG achieved value. Furthermore, within SAD, SCIG were found to work irrespective of the underlying disease. Especially in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma patients, whose indication to IgRT is still not included in all guidelines and for whom evidence-based data are still lacking, SCIG were as effective as in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia or Multiple Myeloma patients, and SCIG discontinuation, without evidence of B cell recovery, led to IgG decline and relapsed infections. Finally, treatment tolerance in SAD patients was comparable to the PAD cohort. Globally, our data suggest that SCIG, as already appreciated in PAD, represent a valuable option in SAD patients, independent on the disease leading to antibody deficiency.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.