ReviewBioconjugate chemistry2021
Bacteriophage Capsid Modification by Genetic and Chemical Methods.
Review in Bioconjugate chemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Phage Therapy Enhanced by Using Engineered Bacteriophages: A Powerful Antibacterial Tool to Address the Dilemma Posed by Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- Virus-like particles based on plant viruses and bacteriophages: emerging strategies for the delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics.Chemical science · 2026Review
- Antibacterial Immunotherapy: Mechanistic Insights, Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, and Clinical Translation.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Harnessing phages in the age of antibiotic resistance: immunological perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Bacteriophage-mediated antibacterial and photodynamic therapies.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Article
- Graphene-Bacteriophage Hybrid Nanomaterials for Specific and Rapid Electrochemical Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Real-TimeACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Bacteriophages as Targeted Therapeutic Vehicles: Challenges and Opportunities.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Synergistic Approaches to Foodborne Pathogen Control: A Narrative Review of Essential Oils and Bacteriophages.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Engineering Phages to Fight Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.Chemical reviews · 2025Review
- Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection ofBiosensors · 2024Article
- Features that matter: Evolutionary signatures can predict viral transmission routes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Phage-based delivery systems: engineering, applications, and challenges in nanomedicines.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Bacteriophage-based particles carrying the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene for targeted delivery in hepatocellular carcinoma.Nanoscale · 2024Article
- Interior modification of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus-like particle enhances encapsulation of VP37-dsRNA against shrimp white spot syndrome infection.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Designing molecules: directing stem cell differentiation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Preparation of Bioconjugates of Chimeric M13 Phage and Gold Nanorods.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Generation of a helper phage for the fluorescent detection of peptide-target interactions by dual-display phages.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses whose ubiquity in nature and remarkable specificity to their host bacteria enable an impressive and growing field of tunable biotechnologies in agriculture and public health. Bacteriophage capsids, which house and protect their nucleic acids, have been modified with a range of functionalities (e.g., fluorophores, nanoparticles, antigens, drugs) to suit their final application. Functional groups naturally present on bacteriophage capsids can be used for electrostatic adsorption or bioconjugation, but their impermanence and poor specificity can lead to inconsistencies in coverage and function. To overcome these limitations, researchers have explored both genetic and chemical modifications to enable strong, specific bonds between phage capsids and their target conjugates. Genetic modification methods involve introducing genes for alternative amino acids, peptides, or protein sequences into either the bacteriophage genomes or capsid genes on host plasmids to facilitate recombinant phage generation. Chemical modification methods rely on reacting functional groups present on the capsid with activated conjugates under the appropriate solution pH and salt conditions. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in both genetic and chemical bacteriophage capsid modification methodologies, identifies major strengths and weaknesses of methods, and discusses areas of research needed to propel bacteriophage technology in development of biosensors, vaccines, therapeutics, and nanocarriers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.