SynthesisJournal of occupational rehabilitation2021
Vocational Outcomes of the Individual Placement and Support Model in Subgroups of Diagnoses, Substance Abuse, and Forensic Conditions: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Pooled Original Data.
Synthesis in Journal of occupational rehabilitation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Update on Individual Placement and Support for New Populations: A Meta-Analytic Review.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Who benefits from individual placement and support? A meta-analysis.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The effectiveness of Individual Placement and Support on vocational outcomes for patients with substance use disorders: A pragmatic superiority randomized controlled trial of Individual Placement and Support versus enhanced self-help.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Trial
- Predictors of return to work for people on sick leave with depression, anxiety and stress: secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2023Trial
- Predictors of Return to Work for People with Anxiety or Depression Participating in a Randomized Trial Investigating the Effect of a Supported Employment Intervention.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2023Trial
- Longitudinal Outcomes of Individual Placement and Support for Patients With Severe Mental Illness in Italy.International journal of public health · 2026Article
- Psychosocial Management of First-Episode Psychosis and Schizophrenia: Synopsis of the US Department of Veterans Affairs and US Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators of employment in severe mental illness: an umbrella review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Review
- The effects of an interdisciplinary employment program on paid employment and mental health among persons with severe mental disorders.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Article
- Article
- Individual placement and support: History, current status, and future directions.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Review
- Intersectional perspectives on the employment rate in Supported Employment for people with psychiatric, neuropsychiatric, or intellectual disabilities: A scoping review.Work (Reading, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review of Etiopathogenetic, Diagnostic and Treatment Aspects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Neuropsychological predictors of vocational rehabilitation outcomes in individuals with major depression: A scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Long-Term Effects of the Individual Placement and Support Intervention on Employment Status: 6-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the effect of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) according to diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, substance use disorders, or forensic psychiatric conditions.
methodsA systematic search of the literature was conducted in June 2017 and repeated in December 2020. The systematic review included 13 studies. Analyses of pooled original data were based on the six studies providing data (n = 1594). No studies on forensic psychiatric conditions were eligible. Hours and weeks worked were analyzed using linear regression. Employment, and time to employment was analyzed using logistic regression, and cox-regression, respectively.
resultsThe effects on hours and weeks in employment after 18 months were comparable for participants with schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder but only statistically significant for participants with schizophrenia compared to services as usual (SAU) (EMD 109.1 h (95% CI 60.5-157.7), 6.1 weeks (95% CI 3.9-8.4)). The effect was also significant for participants with any drug use disorder (121.2 h (95% CI 23.6-218.7), 6.8 weeks (95% CI 1.8-11.8)). Participants with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and any drug use disorder had higher odds of being competitively employed (OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.6-2.7); 2.4 (95% CI 1.3-4.4); 3.0 (95% CI 1.5-5.8)) and returned to work faster than SAU (HR 2.1 (95% CI 1.6-2.6); 1.8 (95% CI 1.1-3.1); 3.0 (95% CI 1.6-5.7)). No statistically significant effects were found regarding depression.
conclusionsIPS was effective regarding schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and substance use disorder; however, the effect on hours, and weeks worked was not statistically significant regarding bipolar disorder. For people with depression the impact of IPS remains inconclusive. Non-significant results may be due to lack of power.
trial registrationPROSPERO protocol nr. CRD42017060524.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.