ArticleVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2021
The prognostic role of histologic grade, worst pattern of invasion, and tumor budding in early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma: a comparative study.
Article in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accumulating evidence from meta-analyses of prognostic studies on oral cancer: towards biomarker-driven patient selection.BMC cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of worst pattern of invasion on prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Pooled it
- Tumor Budding and Poor Prognosis in Oral Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2023Pooled it
- Caspase 3 and Cleaved Caspase 3 Expression in Tumorogenesis and Its Correlations with Prognosis in Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Emerging histopathologic markers in early-stage oral tongue cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Head & neck · 2022Pooled it
- The Impact of Histopathological Features on the Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Knowledge and Awareness of Medical and Dental Students About Oral Cancer Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterPooled it
- Metadherin: A pivotal oncogene and therapeutic target in head and neck cancer - a systematic review.The Japanese dental science review · 2026Review
- Early-Stage Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Adolescents and Young Adults Compared with Older Patients Exhibits Distinct Clinicopathological Features.Head and neck pathology · 2026Article
- Treatment strategy for cervical lymph node metastases in patients with lower gingival carcinoma undergoing mandibular marginal resection.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026Article
- Design of a Predictive Recurrence Scoring System in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Prognostic Role of Worst Pattern of Invasion in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Image segmentation-based analysis reveals correlation between IL-1RA overexpression and worse survival outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High histamine expression by early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is associated with a poor prognosis.Histology and histopathology · 2026Article
- Monotherapy With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With Recurrent and/or Metastatic Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Quantitative and longitudinal monitoring of cancer cell invasion in a three-dimensional in vitro model of oral cancer using optical coherence tomography.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tumor budding predicts lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the lip.Head & face medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of WPOI-5 on Risk of Regional Recurrence in Early Oral Cancer With pN0 Neck.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Partial-EMT cell state correlates with single cell pattern of invasion in head and neck SCC keratinocytes.The Journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Factors Influencing Mandibular Invasion, Lymph Node Metastasis and Extracapsular Spread in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity.Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Major pathology guidelines often mandate stating the histologic grade as a component of the pathology report for various types of cancer. However, the prognostic value of histologic grade in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is controversial at best, and there is a need for more reliable prognostic histologic factors to better stratify and manage patients with HNSCC. In this study, we compared three relevant histopathologic features (histologic grade, worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), and tumor budding) in a large single-center retrospective cohort of early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) with tumor greatest dimension ≤ 4 cm. Only histologic grade predicted distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) on univariate analysis. Tumor budding was associated with nodal metastasis, overall survival (OS), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS), and DMFS and was a significant predictor for nodal metastasis on the multivariable logistic regression model. WPOI 5 was associated with high frequency of nodal metastasis and shortened OS and was an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS on multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model. WPOI and tumor budding were prognostically more relevant than histologic grade. Consideration should be given to include WPOI and tumor budding in the pathology reporting of OTSCC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.