ArticleNature communications2021
Inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of metastatic prostate cancer determined by digital spatial gene expression profiling.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 167 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
167 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 293 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review on the culture methods and applications of 3D tumoroids for cancer research and personalized medicine.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Pooled it
- Endocrine and paracrine characteristics of neuroendocrine prostate cancer.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 5: Epigenetic Regulation of PD-L1.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 3: PD-L1, Intracellular Signaling Pathways and Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 4: Experimental Treatments in Pre-Clinical Studies (Cell Lines and Mouse Models).International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Guideline
- Present status of prostate cancer diagnosis, limitations, challenges, and future endeavors.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Human Y chromosome pan-organ mapping reveals progressive mosaic loss from normal to cancer.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Enhancing the efficacy of B7-H3-targeting antibody-drug conjugate DS-7300a in TP53-deficient tumors by inducing ferroptosis.Oncogene · 2026Article
- DLL3-Targeted Strategies in Advanced Prostate Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.Drugs · 2026Review
- Spatial omics illuminates tumor heterogeneity.Cell reports methods · 2026Review
- Increasing Cancer Stemness Drives Prostate Cancer Progression, Plasticity, Therapy Resistance and Poor Patient Survival.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Tissue from Patients with Prostate Cancer Identifies B7-H3 as an Androgen-Regulated, Broadly Expressed, Combinatorial Therapeutic Target.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Advances in spatial omics for the analysis of prostate cancer.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Review
- Impact of Genomic Mutations on the Transcriptional Pathways and Tumor Microenvironment Landscape of Localized Early Prostate Cancer.The Prostate · 2026Article
- Spatial transcriptome revealed associated biomarkers for endocrine therapy response in HR-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancer.Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu · 2026Article
- Recurrent intra-tumour heterogeneity is a hallmark of metastatic prostate cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Beyond PSMA: theranostic cell surface targets in metastatic prostate cancer.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Review
107 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) comprises a spectrum of diverse phenotypes. However, the extent of inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity is not established. Here we use digital spatial profiling (DSP) technology to quantitate transcript and protein abundance in spatially-distinct regions of mPCs. By assessing multiple discrete areas across multiple metastases, we find a high level of intra-patient homogeneity with respect to tumor phenotype. However, there are notable exceptions including tumors comprised of regions with high and low androgen receptor (AR) and neuroendocrine activity. While the vast majority of metastases examined are devoid of significant inflammatory infiltrates and lack PD1, PD-L1 and CTLA4, the B7-H3/CD276 immune checkpoint protein is highly expressed, particularly in mPCs with high AR activity. Our results demonstrate the utility of DSP for accurately classifying tumor phenotype, assessing tumor heterogeneity, and identifying aspects of tumor biology involving the immunological composition of metastases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.