ArticleJournal of virology2021
Segment-specific kinetics of mRNA, cRNA and vRNA accumulation during influenza infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- NS-segment-based reporter influenza A viruses: engineering strategy, applications, and limitations.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Optimization of Metagenomic Library Construction for Influenza A Virus and SARS-CoV-2: Systematic Comparison of rRNA Depletion Strategies and Fragmentation Orders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Enhanced genome replication activity of pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus through PA mutations.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Febrile temperature activates the innate immune response by promoting aberrant influenza A virus RNA synthesis.Science advances · 2026Article
- The Incoming Influenza Genome Assembles a Host RBP Network that Orchestrates Viral RNA Synthesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Understanding off-target growth defects introduced to influenza A virus by synonymous recoding.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Human MX1 orchestrates the cytoplasmic sequestration of neosynthesized influenza A virus vRNPs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Febrile temperature activates the innate immune response by promoting aberrant influenza A virus RNA synthesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- hnRNPM regulates influenza A virus replication through distinct mechanisms in human and avian cells: implications for cross-species transmission.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Visualizing the transcription and replication of influenza A viral RNAs in cells by multiple direct RNA padlock probing and in situ sequencing (mudRapp-seq).Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- A statistical framework for quantifying the nuclear export rate of influenza viral mRNAs.eLife · 2025Article
- Analysis of NS2-dependent effects on influenza PB1 segment extends replication requirements beyond the canonical promoter.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Probing the functional constraints of influenza A virus NEP by deep mutational scanning.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Influenza A virus NS2 protein acts on vRNA-resident polymerase to drive the transcription to replication switch.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Insights into IAV Replication and Lipid Metabolism in Suspension-Adapted MDCK-STAT1-KO Cells.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Tropism for ciliated cells is the dominant driver of influenza viral burst size in the human airway.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Functional Analysis of GRSF1 in the Nuclear Export and Translation of Influenza A Virus mRNAs.Viruses · 2024Article
- The RBPome of influenza A virus NP-mRNA reveals a role for TDP-43 in viral replication.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a segmented negative-sense RNA virus and is the cause of major epidemics and pandemics. The replication of IAV is complex, involving the production of three distinct RNA species; mRNA, cRNA, and vRNA for all eight genome segments. While understanding IAV replication kinetics is important for drug development and improving vaccine production, current methods for studying IAV kinetics has been limited by the ability to detect all three different RNA species in a scalable manner. Here we report the development of a novel pipeline using total stranded RNA-Seq, which we named Influenza Virus Enumerator of RNA Transcripts (InVERT), that allows for the simultaneous quantification of all three RNA species produced by IAV. Using InVERT, we provide a full landscape of the IAV replication kinetics and found that different groups of viral genes follow different kinetics. The segments coding for RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP) produced more vRNA than mRNA while some other segments (NP, NS, HA) consistently made more mRNA than vRNA. vRNA expression levels did not correlate with cRNA expression, suggesting complex regulation of vRNA synthesis. Furthermore, by studying the kinetics of a virus lacking the capacity to generate new polymerase complexes, we found evidence that further supports the model that cRNA synthesis requires newly synthesized RdRP and that incoming RdRP can only generate mRNA. Overall, InVERT is a powerful tool for quantifying IAV RNA species to elucidate key features of IAV replication.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.