ArticlePublic health nutrition2021
Ultra-processed foods, changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
Article in Public health nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultra-Processed Foods and Human Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Processed/Ultra-Processed Foods and Arterial Hypertension in Adults and Older People.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Worldwide Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods: Findings and Criticisms.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption Patterns and Their Association with Blood Pressure Among Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Is obesity the missing link? Ultra-processed foods and metabolic and reproductive outcomes: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Article
- Ultra-Processed Foods and Cardiometabolic Health: A Review of Current Evidence.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Processed Food Consumption Based on the NOVA Classification Is Associated With Elevated Cardiometabolic Risk in Turkish Adults.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Ultraprocessed Food and Risk of Cancer: Mechanistic Pathways and Public Health Implications.Cancers · 2025Review
- Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Hypertension Incidence: Findings From RaNCD Cohort Project.International journal of hypertension · 2025Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Hypertension Risk in the REGARDS Cohort Study.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2024Article
- Ultra-processed foods consumption and risk of age-related eye diseases: a prospective cohort study with UK biobank.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Nutritional Discrepancies Among Inpatients and Outpatients Diagnosed with Hypertension.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Risk of Incident Hypertension in US Middle-Aged Adults.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Screening Questionnaire of Highly Processed Food Consumption (sQ-HPF).Nutrients · 2024Article
- Ultraprocessed Food Intake during the Transition to Adulthood Varies According to Sociodemographic Characteristics and Maternal Intake in Cebu, Philippines.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Consumption of ultra-processed foods could influence the metabolic syndrome odds: A cross-sectional study.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Ultra-processed foods and incident cardiovascular disease and hypertension in middle-aged women.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate changes in blood pressure and the incidence of hypertension associated with consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) by Brazilian civil servants at a 4-year follow-up.
designLongitudinal analysis of the ELSA-Brasil with non-hypertensive individuals at baseline. We applied the FFQ at the baseline and categorised energy intake by degree of processing, using the NOVA classification. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured at baseline (2008-2010) and again at first follow-up (2012-2014). Incidence of arterial hypertension was defined as SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication during the previous 2 weeks. A mixed-effect linear regression model and mixed-effect logistic regression model were used to estimate associations between UPF consumption and, respectively, changes in blood pressure and incidence of hypertension.
settingBrazil.
participantsCivil servants of Brazilian public academic institutions in six cities (n 8754), aged 35-74 years at baseline (2008-2010).
resultsUPF consumption contributed 25·2 % (sd = 9·6) of total energies consumed. After adjustment, participants with high UPF consumption presented a 23 % greater risk of developing hypertension (OR = 1·23, 95 % CI 1·06, 1·44) than those with low UPF consumption. We did not find association between UPF consumption and changes in blood pressure over time.
conclusionsThe higher the UPF consumption, the higher the risk of hypertension in adults. Reducing UPF consumption is thus important to promote health and prevent hypertension.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.