Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33657753›Full record

ReviewJournal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions2021

Osteoporosis after spinal cord injury: aetiology, effects and therapeutic approaches.

Shima Abdelrahman, Alex Ireland, Elizabeth M Winter, Mariel Purcell, Sylvie Coupaud

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07030322 (Health and Financial Impact on the Use of a Personal Exoskeleton in the Home and Community), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07030322 enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Health and Financial Impact on the Use of a Personal Exoskeleton in the Home and Community: a Case Study

TypeobservationalSponsorEkso BionicsRan2025 to 2027Enrolled5ConditionsSpinal Cord InjuryArmsOverground Robotic Exoskeleton
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Beyond the initial impact: a systematic review of post-traumatic bone loss and its mechanisms.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Bone loss in patients with spinal cord injury: Incidence and influencing factors.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Exploring the Landscape of Biomarkers in Spinal Cord Injury.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Shima AbdelrahmanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Alex IrelandResearch Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.
Elizabeth M WinterLeiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Bone Quality, The Netherlands.
Mariel PurcellScottish Centre for Innovation in Spinal Cord Injury, Queen Elizabeth National Spinal Injuries Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, United Kingdom.
Sylvie CoupaudDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Wolfson Building, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Manchester Metropolitan University · GBUniversity of Strathclyde · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a long-term consequence of spinal cord injury (SCI) that leads to a high risk of fragility fractures. The fracture rate in people with SCI is twice that of the general population. At least 50% of these fractures are associated with clinical complications such as infections. This review article presents key features of osteoporosis after SCI, starting with its aetiology, a description of temporal and spatial changes in the long bones and the subsequent fragility fractures. It then describes the physical and pharmacological approaches that have been used to attenuate the bone loss. Bone loss after SCI has been found to be highly site-specific and characterised by large inter-variability and site-specific changes. The assessment of the available interventions is limited by the quality of the studies and the lack of information on their effect on fractures, but this evaluation suggests that current approaches do not appear to be effective. More studies are required to identify factors influencing rate and magnitude of bone loss following SCI. In addition, it is important to test these interventions at the sites that are most prone to fracture, using detailed imaging techniques, and to associate bone changes with fracture risk. In summary, bone loss following SCI presents a substantial clinical problem. Identification of at-risk individuals and development of more effective interventions are urgently required to reduce this burden.

Indexed as

Biomechanical PhenomenaBone DensityBone Density Conservation AgentsBone ResorptionFractures, BoneHumansOsteoporosisSpinal Cord InjuriesBone Density Conservation AgentsBisphosphonatesBMDDisuse OsteoporosisElectrical StimulationSpinal Cord Injury

Identifiers

PMID33657753
PMCPMC8020025
OpenAlexW3095635637

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.