Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33657412›Full record

ArticleNeuron2021

Brain microvasculature has a common topology with local differences in geometry that match metabolic load.

Xiang Ji, Tiago Ferreira, Beth Friedman, Rui Liu, Hannah Liechty, Erhan Bas, Jayaram Chandrashekar, David Kleinfeld

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuron, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
10.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Pericyte KNature cardiovascular research · 2026
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  12. Microvascular architecture and physiological fluctuations constrain the control of cerebral microcirculation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  17. TriSAM: Tri-Plane SAM for Zero-Shot Cortical Blood Vessel Segmentation in VEM Images.IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Xiang JiDepartment of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Tiago FerreiraHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
Beth FriedmanDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Rui LiuDepartment of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Hannah LiechtyDepartment of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Erhan BasHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
Jayaram ChandrashekarHoward Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
David KleinfeldDepartment of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: dk@physics.ucsd.edu.
University of California, San Diego · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · USJanelia Research Campus · US

Funding

Resilient versus fragile aspects of blood flow in the mammalian brainR35NS097265 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KLEINFELD, DAVID · 2017 to 2024
$6.8M
Resting state connectivity: Biophysical basis for and improved fMRI measurementsR01MH111438 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI KLEINFELD, DAVID, ROSEN, BRUCE R · 2016 to 2020
$5.2M
The impact of microvascular (dys)regulation on cerebral flow and oxygen heterogeneityR01NS108472 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI BOAS, DAVID A, SCHAFFER, CHRIS B · 2018 to 2022
$3.2M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNIMH NIH HHS R01 MH111438NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS108472NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS097265
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The microvasculature underlies the supply networks that support neuronal activity within heterogeneous brain regions. What are common versus heterogeneous aspects of the connectivity, density, and orientation of capillary networks? To address this, we imaged, reconstructed, and analyzed the microvasculature connectome in whole adult mice brains with sub-micrometer resolution. Graph analysis revealed common network topology across the brain that leads to a shared structural robustness against the rarefaction of vessels. Geometrical analysis, based on anatomically accurate reconstructions, uncovered a scaling law that links length density, i.e., the length of vessel per volume, with tissue-to-vessel distances. We then derive a formula that connects regional differences in metabolism to differences in length density and, further, predicts a common value of maximum tissue oxygen tension across the brain. Last, the orientation of capillaries is weakly anisotropic with the exception of a few strongly anisotropic regions; this variation can impact the interpretation of fMRI data.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsAnimalsAnisotropyBrainBrain ChemistryCapillariesCerebrovascular CirculationFluorescent DyesImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMicrovesselsOxygen ConsumptionFluorescent DyesanisotropyconnectomefMRIglucosegraphoxygenpercolationperfusionstroke

Identifiers

PMID33657412
PMCPMC8525211
OpenAlexW3134409008

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.