Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33656795›Full record

SynthesisESC heart failure2021

Smoking and heart failure: a Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.

Yunlong Lu, Zhouming Xu, Marios K Georgakis, Zhen Wang, Hefeng Lin, Liangrong Zheng

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in ESC heart failure, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Association Between Alcohol Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk Based on Data from the Three Generations for Health Program in Hungary.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Yunlong LuDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
Zhouming XuHuzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Marios K GeorgakisInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.
Zhen WangDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
Hefeng LinThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Liangrong ZhengDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University · CNHuzhou Women and Children's Hospital · CNLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München · DEZhejiang University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsWe performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to elucidate the associations of ever smoking, lifelong smoking duration, and smoking cessation with heart failure (HF) risk. METHODS AND

resultsWe extracted genetic variants associated with smoking initiation, age at initiation of regular smoking, cigarettes per day, and smoking cessation from the genome-wide association study and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use (1.2 million individuals), as well as a composite lifetime smoking index from the UK Biobank (462 690 individuals). The associations between smoking phenotypes and HF were explored in the Heart Failure Molecular Epidemiology for Therapeutic Targets Consortium (47 309 cases; 930 014 controls) employing inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis and multivariable MR. The mediation effects of coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation on smoking-HF risk were explored using mediation analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) for HF were 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22-1.36; P = 1.5 × 10

conclusionsGenetic liability to ever smoking and a higher lifetime smoking burden are associated with a higher risk of HF.

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyHeart FailureGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMediation AnalysisMendelian Randomization AnalysisPolymorphism, Single NucleotideSmokingHeart failureMediation analysisMendelian randomizationSmoking

Identifiers

PMID33656795
PMCPMC8120408
OpenAlexW3134436756

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.