ArticleInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2021
Causality and avoidability of adverse drug reactions of antibiotics in hospitalized children: a cohort study.
Article in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polypharmacy and adverse drug reactions among hospitalised children: determinants and clinical and economic impact in a multicentre prospective cohort and nested matched case-control study in Northwest Ethiopia.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Article
- Risk prediction models for adverse drug reactions in pediatrics: a scoping review.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Age-stratified pharmacovigilance of azithromycin: a multimethod signal detection analysis in the FAERS database.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2025Article
- Adverse drug reactions in paediatric surgery: prospective study on frequency and risk related factors.BMC pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Causality, Severity, and Avoidability of Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.Cureus · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdverse drug reactions are a problem in healthcare systems worldwide. Children are more susceptible than adults, especially when exposed to specific drug classes, such as antibiotics.
objectiveTo assess the incidence, causality, severity, and avoidability of antibiotic-associated adverse drug reactions in hospitalized pediatric patients.
settingPediatric ward of a high-complexity public hospital in northeast Brazil.
methodsA prospective cohort study was conducted over six months, including children aged between 28 days and 12 years, hospitalized for more than 48 h, and receiving antibiotics. Liverpool's causality and avoidability assessment tools were used. Primary outcome measures: Incidence of adverse drug reactions, causality, severity, and avoidability, major antibiotics implicated, risk factors.
resultsA total of 183 patients were followed, and 35 suspected adverse drug reactions were recorded overall incidence equal to 14.7%. Most adverse drug reactions were classified as moderate severity (76.7%), probable (57.1%) and defined (28.6%) causality, and unavoidable (66.7%). The affected organs were the gastrointestinal system (74.1%) and skin (25.9%). Major antibiotics implicated were ceftriaxone (40.7%), azithromycin (25.9%), and crystalline penicillin (11.1%). The number of antibiotics prescribed per patient during hospitalization and the length of stay were the risk factors identified.
conclusionCausality and severity assessment indicated that most adverse drug reactions were probable and moderate. Possibly avoidable reactions occurred due to inappropriate prescribing when preventive measures were not implemented. Monitoring the use of antibiotics in children is essential to ensure the safety of these patients.
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