Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33656538›Full record

ArticleBlood advances2021

Evolutionary insights into coagulation factor IX Padua and other high-specific-activity variants.

Benjamin J Samelson-Jones, Jonathan D Finn, Leslie J Raffini, Elizabeth P Merricks, Rodney M Camire, Timothy C Nichols, Valder R Arruda

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Blood advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Exploring gene editing as a potential therapeutic strategy for hemophilia.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Gene therapy for hemophilia - From basic science to first approvals of "one-and-done" therapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. An RNA aptamer exploits exosite-dependent allostery to achieve specific inhibition of coagulation factor IXa.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. CRISPR-Mediated In Situ Introduction or Integration ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Gene therapy - are we ready now?Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia · 2022
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Gene Therapy in Hemophilia: Recent Advances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Benjamin J Samelson-JonesDivsion of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Jonathan D FinnDivsion of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Leslie J RaffiniDivsion of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Elizabeth P MerricksDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and.
Rodney M CamireDivsion of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Timothy C NicholsDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and.
Valder R ArrudaDivsion of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA.
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Safety &Efficacy of Intravas. Del. of AAV-F.IX to Skeletal MuscleP01HL064190 · NHLBI · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI ZHOU, SHANGZHEN · 2000 to 2015
$27.8M
Translating Mechanistic Insights into Intrinsic Xase FunctionP01HL139420 · NHLBI · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI Sriram Krishnaswamy · 2018 to 2026
$22.4M
Rational Development of Bioengineered Factor IX Variants for Hemophilia B TherapyK08HL140078 · NHLBI · CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA · PI SAMELSON-JONES, BEN J · 2018 to 2021
$638k
NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL140078NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL064190NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL139420
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The high-specific-activity factor IX (FIX) variant Padua (R338L) is the most promising transgene for hemophilia B (HB) gene therapy. Although R338 is strongly conserved in mammalian evolution, amino acid substitutions at this position are underrepresented in HB databases. We therefore undertook a complete 20 amino acid scan and determined the specific activity of human (h) and canine (c) FIX variants with every amino acid substituted at position 338. Notably, we observe that hFIX-R338L is the most active variant and cFIX-R338L is sevenfold higher than wild-type (WT) cFIX. This is consistent with the previous identification of hFIX-R338L as a cause of a rare X-linked thrombophilia risk factor. Moreover, WT hFIX and cFIX are some of the least active variants. We confirmed the increased specific activity relative to FIX-WT in vivo of a new variant, cFIX-R338I, after gene therapy in an HB dog. Last, we screened 232 pediatric subjects with thromboembolic disease without identifying F9 R338 variants. Together these observations suggest a surprising evolutionary pressure to limit FIX activity with WT FIX rather than maximize FIX activity.

Indexed as

Factor IXHemophilia BAnimalsBlood CoagulationBlood Coagulation TestsChildDogsGenetic TherapyHumansFactor IX

Identifiers

PMID33656538
PMCPMC7948292
OpenAlexW3134932784

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.