ReviewAllergy2021
Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies.
Review in Allergy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- ImmunoCAP-Based Detection of Alpha-Gal Syndrome: A Reproducible Diagnostic Protocol for Human Patients.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Allergen-specific human IgE isolated through an allergen-agnostic pipeline-understanding immune response and allergen recognition.Communications biology · 2026Article
- From vector to allergen: exploring the immunology of tick-triggered α-Gal syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Ticked Off: Allergic Effector Cells in the Pathogenesis of Alpha-gal Syndrome.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
- Alpha-Gal Syndrome-A Series of Cases with Different Clinical Pictures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Antigenic Determinant Glycans of Soybean Glycoprotein Gly m Bd 30K.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Review of Alpha-Gal Syndrome for the Infectious Diseases Practitioner.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Pre-clinical strategies and emerging technologies driving advances in the alpha-gal syndrome.Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology · 2025Review
- The Immunology of Alpha-Gal Syndrome: History, Tick Bites, IgE, and Delayed Anaphylaxis to Mammalian Meat.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Enhancing production and assessing IgE reactivity of dog allergen Can f 6 in Pichia pastoris and Escherichia coli.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Multiplex IgE peanut panels: a critical appraisal of assay designs and the good, the bad, and the ugly features of the applied allergen components.Frontiers in allergy · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Pathogenic Potential of IgE Targeting Cross-Reactive Carbohydrate Determinants in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Validation of a Multiplex Molecular Macroarray for the Determination of Allergen-Specific IgE Sensitizations in Dogs.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- The impact of N-glycans on the immune response of plant-produced SARS-CoV-2 RBD-Fc proteins.Biotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- New developments in biotechnology applied to microorganisms.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2024Article
- Review
- A systematic review of allergen cross-reactivity: Translating basic concepts into clinical relevance.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Review
- Plant-derived Durvalumab variants show efficient PD-1/PD-L1 blockade and therapeutically favourable FcR binding.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Plant and Arthropod IgE-Binding Papain-like Cysteine Proteases: Multiple Contributions to Allergenicity.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Until recently, glycan epitopes have not been documented by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee. This was in part due to scarce or incomplete information on these oligosaccharides, but also due to the widely held opinion that IgE to these epitopes had little or no relevance to allergic symptoms. Most IgE-binding glycans recognized up to 2008 were considered to be "classical" cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) that occur in insects, some helminths and throughout the plant kingdom. Since 2008, the prevailing opinion on lack of clinical relevance of IgE-binding glycans has been subject to a reevaluation. This was because IgE specific for the mammalian disaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) was identified as a cause of delayed anaphylaxis to mammalian meat in the United States, an observation that has been confirmed by allergists in many parts of the world. Several experimental studies have shown that oligosaccharides with one or more terminal alpha-gal epitopes can be attached as a hapten to many different mammalian proteins or lipids. The classical CCDs also behave like haptens since they can be expressed on proteins from multiple species. This is the explanation for extensive in vitro cross-reactivity related to CCDs. Because of these developments, the Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee recently decided to include glycans as potentially allergenic epitopes in an adjunct section of its website (www.allergen.org). In this article, the features of the main glycan groups known to be involved in IgE recognition are revisited, and their characteristic structural, functional, and clinical features are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.