ArticleThe British journal of dermatology2021
Four childhood atopic dermatitis subtypes identified from trajectory and severity of disease and internally validated in a large UK birth cohort.
Article in The British journal of dermatology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning-derived asthma and allergy trajectories in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- 12-month prevalence of atopic dermatitis in resource-rich countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Dupilumab Efficacy in Children with Atopic Dermatitis with Different Phenotypes and Endotypes: A Case Series.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Current research landscape and future prospects of in silico modeling approaches for atopic dermatitis.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Review
- Phenotypes of atopic dermatitis and long-term body mass index trajectories.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Atopic dermatitis/eczema phenotypes and their association with food allergy: a nationwide birth cohort study in Japan.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Atopic Dermatitis and Markers of Early Cardiovascular Risk in Children and Adolescents.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Defining prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).Wellcome open research · 2026Article
- Developments in the Management Strategies for Allergy: Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Future Perspectives.Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Clustering lung function and symptom profiles for asthma risk stratification.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Incidence and Remission of Atopic Dermatitis in a German Birth Cohort.JAMA network open · 2025Observational
- Atopic dermatitis and executive function across early and middle childhood - A longitudinal cohort study of children in the United Kingdom.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025Article
- The Janus face of Bifidobacterium in the development of atopic eczema: A role for compositional maturation.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence in pediatric allergy research.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Review
- Disagreement concerning atopic dermatitis subtypes between an English prospective cohort (ALSPAC) and linked electronic health records.Clinical and experimental dermatology · 2024Article
- Eczema in early childhood increases the risk of allergic multimorbidity.Clinical and translational allergy · 2024Article
- Identification of eczema clusters and their association with filaggrin and atopic comorbidities: analysis of five birth cohorts.The British journal of dermatology · 2023Article
- Precision medicine via the integration of phenotype-genotype information in neonatal genome project.Fundamental research · 2022Review
- Evolution of Eczema, Wheeze, and Rhinitis from Infancy to Early Adulthood: Four Birth Cohort Studies.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2022Article
- Establishing subclasses of childhood eczema, their risk factors and prognosis.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) disease activity and severity is highly variable during childhood. Early attempts to identify subtypes based on disease trajectory have assessed AD presence over time without incorporating severity.
objectivesTo identify childhood AD subtypes from symptom severity and trajectories, and determine associations with genetic risk factors, comorbidities and demographic and environmental variables.
methodsWe split data from children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children birth cohort into development and validation sets. To identify subtypes, we ran latent class analyses in the development set on AD symptom reports up to age 14 years. We regressed identified subtypes on nongenetic variables in mutually adjusted, multiply imputed (genetic: unadjusted, complete case) multinomial regression analyses. We repeated analyses in the validation set and report confirmed results.
resultsThere were 11 866 children who contributed to analyses. We identified one Unaffected/Rare class (66% of children) and four AD subtypes: Severe-Frequent (4%), Moderate-Frequent (7%), Moderate-Declining (11%) and Mild-Intermittent (12%). Symptom patterns within the first two subtypes appeared more homogeneous than the last two. Filaggrin (FLG) null mutations, an AD polygenic risk score (PRS), being female, parental AD and comorbid asthma were associated with higher risk for some or all subtypes; FLG, AD-PRS and asthma associations were stronger along a subtype gradient arranged by increasing severity and frequency; FLG and AD-PRS further differentiated some phenotypes from each other.
conclusionsConsidering severity and AD trajectories leads to four well-defined and recognizable subtypes. The differential associations of risk factors among and between subtypes is novel and requires further research.
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