ArticleJournal of neurochemistry2021
Astrocytes are HIV reservoirs in the brain: A cell type with poor HIV infectivity and replication but efficient cell-to-cell viral transfer.
Article in Journal of neurochemistry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Study protocol for neuroimaging using 7 T MRI in the investigation of baricitinib for reduction of HIV in the CNS: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.BMC medical imaging · 2026Trial
- Brain viral reservoir seeding and neurological metabolic dysregulation in early-life immunodeficiency virus infection.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The brain as an HIV reservoir: Recent findings using autopsy tissues from people with HIV.PLoS pathogens · 2026Review
- Smoldering in the sanctuary: HIV-associated brain injury in the ART era.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Latent HIV Reservoirs in the Central Nervous System: Mechanisms, Barriers, and Therapeutic Approaches.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Review
- HIV heart inflammation is mediated by HIV infected myeloid cells, HIV-tat secretion, and aberrant function of Connexin43-containing channels.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammatory crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes increases viral replication in an iPSC-derived model of CNS HIV infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Sigma-1 receptor regulates HIV-1 and methamphetamine-induced endothelial/pericyte barrier impairment via strain-specific inflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysregulation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- HIV-1 Tat and gp120 as key drivers of neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- RNA splicing patterns contribute to burst size variation among HIV-1-infected Jurkat cell clones.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Regulation of eco-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type-1-infection by sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartic domain containing protein-1 in a microglial cell line: a novel in vitro model for studying HIV infection and latency in microglia.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Viral reservoir seeding and neurological metabolic dysregulation in early-life immunodeficiency virus infection.Research square · 2025Article
- Human brain cell types shape host-rabies virus transcriptional interactions revealing a preexisting pro-viral astrocyte subpopulation.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Neuroinflammatory crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes increases viral replication in an iPSC-derived model of CNS HIV infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Pharmacological advances in HIV treatment: from ART to long-acting injectable therapies.Archives of virology · 2025Review
- Expression of HIV envelope protein in the human central nervous system.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Antiretroviral drug therapy does not reduce neuroinflammation in an HIV-1 infection brain organoid model.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Multi-omic Characterization of HIV Effects at Single Cell Level across Human Brain Regions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The major barrier to eradicating Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infection is the generation of tissue-associated quiescent long-lasting viral reservoirs refractory to therapy. Upon interruption of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), HIV replication can be reactivated. Within the brain, microglia/macrophages and a small population of astrocytes are infected with HIV. However, the role of astrocytes as a potential viral reservoir is becoming more recognized because of the improved detection and quantification of HIV viral reservoirs. In this report, we examined the infectivity of human primary astrocytes in vivo and in vitro, and their capacity to maintain HIV infection, become latently infected, be reactivated, and transfer new HIV virions into neighboring cells. Analysis of human brain tissue sections obtained from HIV-infected individuals under effective and prolonged ART indicates that a small population of astrocytes has integrated HIV-DNA. In vitro experiments using HIV-infected human primary astrocyte cultures confirmed a low percentage of astrocytes had integrated HIV-DNA, with poor to undetectable replication. Even in the absence of ART, long-term culture results in latency that could be transiently reactivated with histone deacetylase inhibitor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), or methamphetamine. Reactivation resulted in poor viral production but efficient cell-to-cell viral transfer into cells that support high viral replication. Together, our data provide a new understanding of astrocytes' role as viral reservoirs within the central nervous system (CNS).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.