Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33654665›Full record

ArticleQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery2021

High resolution optical coherence elastography of retina under prosthetic electrode.

Runze Li, Zhaodong Du, Xuejun Qian, Yan Li, Juan-Carlos Martinez-Camarillo, Laiming Jiang, Mark S Humayun, Zhongping Chen, Qifa Zhou

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Brain and retina in Alzheimer's disease: Pathological intersections and estimates from imaging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Quantitative Optical Coherence Elastography of the Optic Nerve Head In Vivo.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Runze LiDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Zhaodong DuUSC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Xuejun QianDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Yan LiBeckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Juan-Carlos Martinez-CamarilloUSC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Laiming JiangUSC Roski Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Mark S HumayunDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Zhongping ChenBeckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
Qifa ZhouDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Southern California Eye Institute · USUniversity of Southern California · USBeckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic · USUniversity of California, Irvine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundQuantitatively investigating the biomechanics of retina with a retinal prosthetic electrode, we explored the effects of the prosthetic electrode on the retina, and further supplemented data for a potential clinical trial.

methodsBiomechanical properties were assessed with a high resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) based elastography (OCE) system. A shaker was used to initiate elastic waves and an OCT system was used to track axial displacement along with wave propagation. Rabbits received surgery to implant the retinal prosthetic electrode, and elastic wave speed was measured before and after implantation; anatomical B-mode images were also acquired.

resultsSpatial-temporal maps of each layer in retina with and without prosthetic electrodes were acquired. Elastic wave speed of nerve fiber to inner plexiform layer, inner nuclear to outer nuclear layer, retinal pigmented epithelium layer and choroid to sclera layer without prosthetic electrode were found to be 3.66±0.36, 5.33±0.07, 6.85±0.37, and 9.69±0.24 m/s, respectively. With prosthetic electrode, the elastic wave speed was found to be 4.09±0.26, 5.14±0.11, 6.88±0.70, and 9.99±0.73 m/s, respectively in each layer.

conclusionsOur results show that the elastic wave speed in each layer of retina is slightly faster with the retinal electrode, and further demonstrate that the retinal prosthetic electrode does not affect biomechanical properties significantly. In the future, we expect OCE technology to be used by clinicians where it could become part of routine testing and evaluation of the biomechanical properties of the retina in response to long term use of prosthetic electrodes in patients.

Indexed as

elastic wave propagationmechanical shakerOptical coherence elastographyretinal prosthetic electrode

Identifiers

PMID33654665
PMCPMC7829169
OpenAlexW3120955559

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.