ArticlePediatric research2021
Altered microbiomes in thirdhand smoke-exposed children and their home environments.
Article in Pediatric research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Perinatal exposures and upper respiratory tract microbiome composition are associated with age at first acute otitis media episode.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Thirdhand Smoke and Neonatal/Pediatric Health: A Scoping Review on Nursing Implications.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- How the Built Environment Shapes Children's Microbiome: A Systematic Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The indoors microbiome and human health.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Cotton pillow samplers for assessment of thirdhand smoke in homes of smokers and nonsmokers with children.Journal of environmental exposure assessment · 2024Article
- Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure in homes and vehicles in youth: disparities among racial, and sexual and gender minorities.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Gastrointestinal Problems Among US Children.Clinical pediatrics · 2023Article
- Location and home rules of cannabis use - Findings from marijuana use and environmental survey 2020, a nationally representative survey in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Culturable Bacteria and Yeasts in the Nasopharynx Microbiota during the Physiological Course of Pregnancy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Influence of perinatal and childhood exposure to tobacco and mercury in children's gut microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Hand nicotine as an independent marker of thirdhand smoke pollution in children's environments.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Airway Bacterial Biodiversity in Exhaled Breath Condensates of Asthmatic Children-Does It Differ from the Healthy Ones?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Knowledge and Opinions of Healthcare Professionals about Thirdhand Smoke: A Multi-National, Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Income-Related Disparities in Thirdhand Smoke Exposure to Children.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Human matters in asthma: Considering the microbiome in pulmonary health.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Differential associations of hand nicotine and urinary cotinine with children's exposure to tobacco smoke and clinical outcomes.Environmental research · 2021Article
- Review
- Thirdhand smoke associations with the gut microbiomes of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit: An observational study.Environmental research · 2021Observational
- Thirdhand cigarette smoke leads to age-dependent and persistent alterations in the cecal microbiome of mice.MicrobiologyOpen · 2021Article
- Hand Nicotine and Cotinine In Children Exposed to Cigars: A Pilot Study.Tobacco regulatory science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionTobacco smoke contains numerous toxic chemicals that accumulate in indoor environments creating thirdhand smoke (THS). We investigated if THS-polluted homes differed in children's human and built-environment microbiomes as compared to THS-free homes.
methodsParticipants were n = 19 THS-exposed children and n = 10 unexposed children (≤5 years) and their caregivers. Environmental and biological samples were analyzed for THS pollutants and exposure. Swab samples were collected from the built-environment (floor, table, armrest, bed frame) and child (finger, nose, mouth, and ear canal), and 16S ribosomal RNA genes were analyzed for bacterial taxa using high-throughput DNA sequencing.
resultsPhylogenetic α-diversity was significantly higher for the built-environment microbiomes in THS-polluted homes compared to THS-free homes (p < 0.014). Log2-fold comparison found differences between THS-polluted and THS-free homes for specific genera in samples from the built-environment (e.g., Acinetobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Corynebacterium, Gemella, Neisseria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Veillonella) and in samples from children (esp. Corynebacterium, Gemella, Lautropia, Neisseria, Rothia, Staphylococcus, and Veillonella).
conclusionWhen exposed to THS, indoor and children microbiomes are altered in an environment-specific manner. Changes are similar to those reported in previous studies for smokers and secondhand smoke-exposed persons. THS-induced changes in child and built-environmental microbiomes may play a role in clinical outcomes in children. IMPACT: Despite smoking bans, children can be exposed to tobacco smoke residue (i.e., thirdhand smoke) that lingers on surfaces and in settled house dust. Thirdhand smoke exposure is associated with changes in the microbiomes of the home environment and of the children living in these homes. Thirdhand smoke is associated with increased phylogenetic diversity of the home environment and changes in the abundances of several genera of the child microbiome known to be affected by active smoking and secondhand smoke (e.g., Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus). Thirdhand smoke exposure by itself may induce alterations in the microbiome that play a role in childhood pathologies.
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