Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33654103›Full record

ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2021

Thalamic morphology predicts the onset of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease.

Nicholas D'Cruz, Griet Vervoort, Sima Chalavi, Bauke W Dijkstra, Moran Gilat, Alice Nieuwboer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Freezing of Gait: A Tribute to Nir Giladi.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  2. Towards the Prevention of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nicholas D'CruzKU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neurorehabilitation Research Group, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. nicholas.dcruz@kuleuven.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5306-5903
Griet VervoortKU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neurorehabilitation Research Group, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Sima ChalaviKU Leuven, Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-8168
Bauke W DijkstraKU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neurorehabilitation Research Group, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Moran GilatKU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neurorehabilitation Research Group, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0072-4637
Alice NieuwboerKU Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Neurorehabilitation Research Group, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
KU Leuven · BE

Funding

Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds (Special Research Fund) OT/11/091Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Research Foundation Flanders) G.0867.15
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The onset of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD) is a critical milestone, marked by a higher risk of falls and reduced quality of life. FOG is associated with alterations in subcortical neural circuits, yet no study has assessed whether subcortical morphology can predict the onset of clinical FOG. In this prospective multimodal neuroimaging cohort study, we performed vertex-based analysis of grey matter morphology in fifty-seven individuals with PD at study entry and two years later. We also explored the behavioral correlates and resting-state functional connectivity related to these local volume differences. At study entry, we found that freezers (N = 12) and persons who developed FOG during the course of the study (converters) (N = 9) showed local inflations in bilateral thalamus in contrast to persons who did not (non-converters) (N = 36). Longitudinally, converters (N = 7) also showed local inflation in the left thalamus, as compared to non-converters (N = 36). A model including sex, daily levodopa equivalent dose, and local thalamic inflation predicted conversion with good accuracy (AUC: 0.87, sensitivity: 88.9%, specificity: 77.8%). Exploratory analyses showed that local thalamic inflations were associated with larger medial thalamic sub-nuclei volumes and better cognitive performance. Resting-state analyses further revealed that converters had stronger thalamo-cortical coupling with limbic and cognitive regions pre-conversion, with a marked reduction in coupling over the two years. Finally, validation using the PPMI cohort suggested FOG-specific non-linear evolution of thalamic local volume. These findings provide markers of, and deeper insights into conversion to FOG, which may foster earlier intervention and better mobility for persons with PD.

Identifiers

PMID33654103
PMCPMC7925565
OpenAlexW3134900662

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.