Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33653904›Full record

ArticleNeurology2021

Association of Spectral-Domain OCT With Long-term Disability Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis.

Jeffrey Lambe, Kathryn C Fitzgerald, Olwen C Murphy, Angeliki G Filippatou, Elias S Sotirchos, Grigorios Kalaitzidis, Elena Vasileiou, Nicole Pellegrini, Esther Ogbuokiri, Brandon Toliver and 11 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Observational
  6. Inner Plexiform Layer Microstructure Is Altered in Multiple Sclerosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Observational
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Observational
  16. Neurotrophic factors in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. The neuropathobiology of multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Jeffrey LambeFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-0988
Kathryn C FitzgeraldFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-0322
Olwen C MurphyFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7880-8948
Angeliki G FilippatouFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-233X
Elias S SotirchosFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8812-1637
Grigorios KalaitzidisFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-3609
Elena VasileiouFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8639-8405
Nicole PellegriniFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Esther OgbuokiriFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Brandon ToliverFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Nicholas J LucianoFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Simidele DavisFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Nicholas FioravanteFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Ohemaa KwakyiFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Hunter RisherFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Ciprian M CrainiceanuFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Jerry L PrinceFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6553-0876
Scott D NewsomeFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Ellen M MowryFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-5188
Shiv SaidhaFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-0714
Peter A CalabresiFrom the Department of Neurology (J.L., K.C.F., O.C.M., A.G.F., E.S.S., G.K., E.V., N.P., E.O., B.T., N.J.L., S.D., N.F., O.K., H.R., S.D.N., E.M.M., S.S., P.A.C.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Departments of Biostatistics (C.M.C.) and Electrical and Computer Engineering (J.L.P.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. calabresi@jhmi.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-6472
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Imaging Neurodegeneration in Multiple SclerosisR01NS082347 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI PETER A CALABRESI, Shiv Saidha · 2013 to 2026
$7.0M
OCT and OCTA image processing for retinal assessment of people with MSR01EY032284 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI PRINCE, JERRY L · 2021 to 2024
$1.8M
Circadian Rhythms and Sleep, Structural Neuroimaging and Depression in People with Multiple SclerosisK01MH121582 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FITZGERALD, KATHRYN C. · 2019 to 2022
$675k
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY032284NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH121582NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS082347
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate whether a retinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) assessment at baseline is associated with long-term disability worsening in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), we performed SD-OCT and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) assessments among 132 PwMS at baseline and at a median of 10 years later.

methodsIn this prospective, longitudinal study, participants underwent SD-OCT, EDSS, and visual acuity (VA) assessments at baseline and at follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed using generalized linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race, multiple sclerosis (MS) subtype, and baseline disability. We defined clinically meaningful EDSS worsening as an increase of ≥2.0 if baseline EDSS score was <6.0 or an increase of ≥1.0 if baseline EDSS score was ≥6.0.

resultsA total of 132 PwMS (mean age 43 years; 106 patients with relapsing-remitting MS) were included in analyses. Median duration of follow-up was 10.4 years. In multivariable models excluding eyes with prior optic neuritis, relative to patients with an average baseline ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness ≥70 µm (the mean GCIPL thickness of all eyes at baseline), an average baseline GCIPL thickness <70 µm was associated with a 4-fold increased odds of meaningful EDSS worsening (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-12.70;

conclusionsLower baseline GCIPL thickness on SD-OCT is independently associated with long-term disability worsening in MS. Accordingly, SD-OCT at a single time point may help guide therapeutic decision-making among individual PwMS. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that lower baseline GCIPL thickness on SD-OCT is independently associated with long-term disability worsening in MS.

Indexed as

AdultDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedMultiple SclerosisProspective StudiesTomography, Optical Coherence

Identifiers

PMID33653904
PMCPMC8166450
OpenAlexW3135489146

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.