ArticleCancer cell international2021
GM-CSF enhanced the effect of CHOP and R-CHOP on inhibiting diffuse large B-cell lymphoma progression via influencing the macrophage polarization.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Orally available decitabine prodrug OR-2100 induces mitotic perturbation for the treatment of double-hit lymphoma.Blood neoplasia · 2025Article
- Recombinant hirudin and PAR-1 regulate macrophage polarisation status in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.BMC biotechnology · 2024Article
- Tumor purity-related genes for predicting the prognosis and drug sensitivity of DLBCL patients.eLife · 2024Article
- Empowering macrophages: the cancer fighters within the tumour microenvironment in mantle cell lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Potentiating antibody-dependent killing of cancers with CAR T cells secreting CD47-SIRPα checkpoint blocker.Blood · 2023Article
- Role and Mechanisms of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Hematological Malignancies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- The Role of Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common type of the Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) formed by the neoplastic transformation of mature B cells. As the first-line therapeutics, CHOP (cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/vincristine/prednisone) chemotherapy and R-CHOP (Rituximab + CHOP), either using alone or in combination with GM-CSF, have achieved great efficacy in DLBCL patients. However, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown.
methodsIn the present study, the combination use of CHOP and R-CHOP with GM-CSF was used to evaluate their effects on the tumor immune microenvironment of DLBCL. CHOP and R-CHOP administration was found to inhibit the growth and metastasis of DLBCL, with a higher efficacy in R-CHOP-challenged DLBCL mice. The anti-tumor effect of CHOP and R-CHOP was further amplified by GM-CSF.
resultsCHOP and R-CHOP therapeutics potentiated the anti-tumor properties of macrophages, as evidenced by the increased M1 macrophage and the decreased M2 macrophage accumulation in DLBCL-bearing mice. In a co-culture system, macrophages primed with CHOP and R-CHOP therapeutics inhibited multiple malignant behaviors of DLCBL cells. Mechanistically, CHOP/R-CHOP suppressed the activation of AKT signaling. These anti-tumor effects of CHOP/R-CHOP were all augmented by GM-CSF.
conclusionsOur work provided new insights into the immune-regulatory roles of CHOP and R-CHOP in the treatment of DLBCL, as well as the synergistic effects of GM-CSF in CHOP and R-CHOP therapeutics. Although our results suggest the synergistic effect of GM-CSF on DLBCL already sensitive to CHOP and R-CHOP, however, future studies are warranted to explore the role of GM-CSF on R-CHOP-resistant DLBCL. Trial registration Not applicable.
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