ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Nano-Scale Stiffness and Collagen Fibril Deterioration: Probing the Cornea Following Enzymatic Degradation Using Peakforce-QNM AFM.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seeing through collagen: integrative pro-regenerative corneal implants for clearer future.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2026Review
- Nano-mechanical mapping of human and porcine abdominal aortic aneurysm.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2026Article
- In tendons, differing physiological requirements lead to distinct patterns of MMP-1 degradation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nanoindentation under retrocorneal pressure to determine the biomechanical response of the human cornea to accelerated UVA crosslinking and riboflavin osmolarity ex vivo.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Topical Application of a Collagen Mimetic Peptide Restores Peripapillary Scleral Stiffness Reduced by Ocular Stress.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Biochemical component analysis of human myopic corneal stroma using the Raman spectrum.International ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Squishy matters - Corneal mechanobiology in health and disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Collagen Mimetic Peptides Promote Repair of MMP-1-Damaged Collagen in the Rodent Sclera and Optic Nerve Head.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Preparation of collagen fibrils from mineralized tissues and evaluation by atomic force microscopy.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2023Article
- Determining Spatial Variability of Elastic Properties for Biological Samples Using AFM.Micromachines · 2023Review
- Atomic Force Microscopy Nanoindentation Method on Collagen Fibrils.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, the cornea is exposed to various enzymes, some of them have digestive actions, such as amylase and collagenase that may change the ultrastructure (collagen morphology) and sequentially change the mechanical response of the cornea and distort vision, such as in keratoconus. This study investigates the ultrastructure and nanomechanical properties of porcine cornea following incubation with α-amylase and collagenase. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to capture nanoscale topographical details of stromal collagen fibrils (diameter and D-periodicity) and calculate their elastic modulus. Samples were incubated with varying concentrations of α-amylase and collagenase (crude and purified). Dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB) assay was utilised to detect depleted glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) following incubation with amylase. Collagen fibril diameters were decreased following incubation with amylase, but not D-periodicity. Elastic modulus was gradually decreased with enzyme concentration in amylase-treated samples. Elastic modulus, diameter, and D-periodicity were greatly reduced in collagenase-treated samples. The effect of crude collagenase on corneal samples was more pronounced than purified collagenase. Amylase was found to deplete GAGs from the samples. This enzymatic treatment may help in answering some questions related to keratoconus, and possibly be used to build an empirical animal model of keratoconic corneas with different progression levels.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.