ArticleMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2021
Outcome Reporting Bias in COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Clinical Trials.
Article in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- 'When I had concerns about my own patients…I was told to keep quiet': experiences of moral injury among healthcare workers under Covid-19 vaccine mandates in Alberta, Canada.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- What Lessons can Be Learned From the Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic?International journal of public health · 2025Review
- Influence of Seasonality and Public-Health Interventions on the COVID-19 Pandemic in Northern Europe.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Lessons Learned from the Registrational Trials and Global Vaccination Campaign.Cureus · 2024Review
- Is resistance to Covid-19 vaccination a "problem"? A critical policy inquiry of vaccine mandates for healthcare workers.AIMS public health · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccination requirements for Ireland's healthcare students.Critical social policy · 2023Article
- Understanding and communicating epidemiological measures of risk and benefit.Family practice · 2023Article
- Article
- Relative risk reduction: Misinformative measure in clinical trials and COVID-19 vaccine efficacy.Dialogues in health · 2022Article
- Development and Piloting of a Web-Based Tool to Teach Relative and Absolute Risk Reductions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- "Don't Look Up" Your Science-Herd Immunity or Herd Mentality?Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- COVID-19 Vaccines: Speedy Development and their Use to be Saviour of Humanity.National Academy science letters. National Academy of Sciences, India · 2022Article
- Dangers of mRNA vaccines.Industrial psychiatry journal · 2021Article
- COVISHIELD (AZD1222) VaccINe effectiveness among healthcare and frontline Workers of INdian Armed Forces: Interim results of VIN-WIN cohort study.Medical journal, Armed Forces India · 2021Article
- COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and effectiveness-the elephant (not) in the room.The Lancet. Microbe · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Relative risk reduction and absolute risk reduction measures in the evaluation of clinical trial data are poorly understood by health professionals and the public. The absence of reported absolute risk reduction in COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials can lead to outcome reporting bias that affects the interpretation of vaccine efficacy. The present article uses clinical epidemiologic tools to critically appraise reports of efficacy in Pfzier/BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccine clinical trials. Based on data reported by the manufacturer for Pfzier/BioNTech vaccine BNT162b2, this critical appraisal shows: relative risk reduction, 95.1%; 95% CI, 90.0% to 97.6%;
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.