ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2021
Abdominal visceral adipose tissue over the menopause transition and carotid atherosclerosis: the SWAN heart study.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06975111 (Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Focusing on the Menopausal Transition to Improve Mid-Life Women's Health
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of concurrent training on body composition, metabolic, and inflammatory in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis.BMC women's health · 2026Pooled it
- Myokine Circulating Levels in Postmenopausal Women with Overweight or Obesity: Effects of Resistance Training and/or DHA-RichNutrients · 2025Trial
- Sex Steroids Regulate Liver Fat Content and Body Fat Distribution in Both Men and Women: A Study in Transgender Persons.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Trial
- Long-Term Volumetric Increase of a Free Omental Flap in Breast Reconstruction: A Case Report with a Focus on Body Weight Correlation.Journal of plastic and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Body roundness index shows a short-term, sex-specific advantage over body mass index in predicting incident diabetes: a longitudinal prospective cohort study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Associations of Sociodemographic and Neighborhood Vulnerability With Cardiovascular Health in Midlife Women in the United States.Circulation. Population health and outcomes · 2026Article
- Impact of Menopause and Menopausal Hormone Therapy on Liver-Kidney-Metabolic Health.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Metabolic Changes of Perimenopause and Nutritional Advice.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Influence of Biological Sex on Metabolic and Adipokine Responses after Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery: A Narrative Review.Current obesity reports · 2026Review
- Cardiometabolic Health During the Climacteric Transition: A Narrative Review of Lifestyle, Physiological, and Nutritional Approaches.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Menopause is a physiological progression event for women with multiple sclerosis: No.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2026Article
- Perimenopause as an obesogenic sensitive period: Contributions to elevated cardiovascular risk.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Testosterone therapy effects adipose distribution in older females post hip-fracture: The STEP-HI study.Obesity pillars · 2026Article
- Perimenopause as a potential window of cardiometabolic remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a missed opportunity for prevention.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Adipose-muscle crosstalk during the menopausal transition: mechanistic links to sarcopenic obesity in midlife women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Ceramide as a Biomarker for HFpEF in Women: Menopause, Aging, and Pregnancy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Menopause-Related Changes in Sleep and the Associations with Cardiometabolic Health: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Understanding the menopause journey.Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society · 2025Review
- Metabolic and transcriptional effects of bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens in a model of obesity-associated breast cancer risk.JCI insight · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo characterize abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) trajectory relative to the final menstrual period (FMP), and to test whether menopause-related VAT accumulation is associated with greater average, common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and/or internal carotid artery intima-media thickness (ICA-IMT).
methodsParticipants were 362 women (at baseline: age was (mean ± SD) 51.1 ± 2.8 y; 61% White, 39% Black) with no cardiovascular disease from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Heart study. Women had up to two measurements of VAT and cIMT over time. Splines revealed a nonlinear trajectory of VAT with two inflection points demarcating three time segments: segment 1: >2 years before FMP; segment 2: 2 years before FMP to FMP; and segment 3: after FMP. Piecewise-linear random-effects models estimated changes in VAT. Random-effects models tested associations of menopause-related VAT with each cIMT measure separately. Estimates were adjusted for age at FMP, body mass index, and sociodemographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
resultsVAT increased significantly by 8.2% (95% CI: 4.1%-12.5%) and 5.8% (3.7%-7.9%) per year in segments 2 and 3, respectively, with no significant change in VAT within segment 1. VAT predicted greater ICA-IMT in segment 2, such that a 20% greater VAT was associated with a 2.0% (0.8%-3.1%) greater ICA-IMT. VAT was not an independent predictor of ICA-IMT in the other segments or of the other cIMT measures after adjusting for covariates.
conclusionsWomen experience an accelerated increase in VAT starting 2 years before menopause. This menopause-related increase in VAT is associated with greater risk of subclinical atherosclerosis in the internal carotid artery.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.