SynthesisHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2021
A systematic literature review of herpes zoster incidence worldwide.
Synthesis in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Effectiveness of the Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Against Herpes Zoster, Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus, Postherpetic Neuralgia and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Pooled it
- Integrated long-term safety of 10-year ozanimod treatment: results from clinical trials in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis or relapsing multiple sclerosis.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Application of auricular therapy in postherpetic neuralgia: a scoping review.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of herpes zoster risk in adults with immunocompromised conditions and autoimmune diseases in Asia-Pacific.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Herpes zoster incidence and burden in older Chinese: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of bloodletting therapy for acute herpes zoster: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic literature review of the epidemiology and burden of herpes zoster in selected locales in Asia Pacific.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Global herpes zoster burden in adults with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The European respiratory journal · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors for herpes zoster infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis unveiling common trends and heterogeneity patterns.Infection · 2024Pooled it
- Willingness to Vaccinate Against Herpes Zoster and Its Associated Factors Across WHO Regions: Global Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of herpes zoster associated with JAK inhibitors in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Incorporating human dynamic populations in models of infectious disease transmission: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of herpes zoster vaccine in the immunocompetent and immunocompromised subjects: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- The efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of the LZ901 vaccine for herpes zoster virus in adults 40 years of age or older: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Approximately 3 Years of Continuous Ozanimod in Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis: Interim Analysis of the True North Open-label Extension.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2024Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of the non-typableHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Quantitative study of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards herpes zoster (HZ) and HZ vaccination: Survey findings from a multi-country study in Asia (ZOASIS).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Herpes zoster vaccination among older adults in urban China: A mixed-methods study in Shenzhen.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Observational
- Varicella zoster virus infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review to characterize the incidence rate of herpes zoster (HZ) in the general population, specifically in individuals ≥50 years of age. A total of 69 publications were included in the review. We found a cumulative incidence of HZ ranging from 2.9-19.5 cases per 1,000 population and an incidence rate of HZ ranging from 5.23-10.9 cases per 1,000 person-years. The cumulative incidence (3.22-11.2 versus 2.44-8.0 cases per 1,000 population) and incidence rates (6.05-12.8 versus 4.30-8.5 cases per 1,000 person-years) were higher in females than males. Studies revealed a trend of increasing incidence of HZ with increasing age and over time. Variations in incidence estimates can be attributed to the various study designs, case ascertainments, age distributions of the population and year of the study. HZ is associated with a substantial disease burden and is expected to increase due to population aging.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.