ArticleThe journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research2021
Sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women tested positive for COVID-19 admitted to a referral center in Northern Italy during lockdown period.
Article in The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women and incidence of thromboembolic disease: an analysis of the Covid-19-Related Obstetric and Neonatal Outcome Study (CRONOS) in Germany.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2025Observational
- A Multicentric Study on Adverse COVID-19 Outcomes Among Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women in Multidisciplinary Hospitals of Kazakhstan.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- COVID-19 among migrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons: systematic review, meta-analysis and qualitative synthesis of the global empirical literature.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Article
- The association between maternal characteristics and SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy: a population-based registry study in Sweden and Norway.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Improving Social Justice in COVID-19 Health Research: Interim Guidelines for Reporting Health Equity in Observational Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe investigated association between sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19 disease among pregnant women admitted to our unit, the largest high-risk maternity unit in the Milan metropolitan area.
methodsBetween March 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020, 896 pregnant women were admitted to our Institution and tested for COVID-19. We collected information regarding their sociodemographic characteristics. Additional information on geographical area of residence, number of family members, number of family members tested positive for COVID-19, and clinical data was collected for women tested positive for COVID-19. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of developing COVID-19 according to sociodemographic characteristics were estimated by unconditional logistic regression models.
resultsAmong the 896 women enrolled, 50 resulted positive for COVID-19. Pregnant women aged ≥35 years had a significantly lower risk of developing the infection (crude OR = 0.29; 95% CI:0.16-0.55). Conversely, foreign women (crude OR = 3.32; 95% CI:1.89-5.81), unemployed women (crude OR = 3.09; 95% CI: 1.77-5.40), and women with an unemployed partner (crude OR = 3.16; 95% CI: 1.48-6.79) showed a significantly higher risk of infection. Ethnicity was positively associated with the risk of developing COVID-19 (mutually adjusted OR = 2.15; 95% CI:1.12-4.11) in the multivariate analysis. Foreign women with COVID-19 were more likely to have a lower education level (p < 0.01), to be unemployed (p < 0.01), and to live in larger families (p < 0.01) compared to Italian pregnant women.
conclusionsThe socioeconomic conditions described are characteristic of immigration patterns in our metropolitan area. These factors may increase the risk of viral transmission, reducing the effectiveness of lockdown and social distancing.
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