Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33649967›Full record

ArticlePsychopharmacology2021

Adolescent nicotine and footshock exposure augments adult nicotine self-administration and drug-seeking without affecting baseline anxiety-like behaviour or stress responsivity in male rats.

Briana Renda, Allyson K Andrade, Adiia P S Stone, Rita El Azali, Michael Sharivker, Jibran Y Khokhar, Monica Antenos, Jennifer E Murray

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In one paragraph

Article in Psychopharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 52% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Briana RendaDepartment of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Allyson K AndradeDepartment of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Adiia P S StoneDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Rita El AzaliDepartment of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Michael SharivkerDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Jibran Y KhokharCollaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Monica AntenosDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Jennifer E MurrayDepartment of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. jmurr@uoguelph.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8992-7317
University of Guelph · CA

Funding

Impact of Adding Tobacco Constituents Nornicotine and Anatabine on Self-Administered Nicotine.R03DA045740 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH · PI MURRAY, JENNIFER E · 2019 to 2020
$106k
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada RGPIN-2019-05147NIDA NIH HHS DA045740NIDA NIH HHS R03 DA045740
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleOver the past decade, adolescent cigarette smoking has been declining. However, adolescent nicotine consumption via electronic cigarettes is rapidly gaining popularity. Earlier onset nicotine use is associated with increased risk of dependence. A bidirectional relationship between nicotine and stress exists; perceived stress is a predictor for nicotine use, and stress reduction is a commonly reported reason for using nicotine.

objectivesWe assessed the prolonged impact of adolescent high-dose nicotine and/or footshock exposure on adult nicotine self-administration, anxiety-like behaviour, and hormonal responsivity.

methodsDuring adolescence (postnatal day [P]28-56) male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of five groups: saline (SALPRE: 1 ml/kg, SC, every day), nicotine (NICPRE: 1 mg/kg, SC, alternating daily with saline; 14 total nicotine injections), footshock (SHOCKPRE: 8 of 0.5 s, 0.8 mA alternating sessions; saline every day), or combination nicotine and footshock (NIC+SHOCK: concurrent and alternating daily with saline, or NIC-SHOCK: alternating with saline on shock sessions). On P70, one cohort underwent spontaneous intravenous nicotine self-administration (0.03 mg/kg/infusion); another cohort was assessed for open-field behaviour (P71), then corticosterone (CORT) response to nicotine or footshock in adulthood (P72-73).

resultsIntermittent adolescent nicotine or footshock alone (NICPRE and SHOCKPRE) did not potentiate adult spontaneous nicotine intake compared to SALPRE. However, both combination groups (NIC+SHOCK, NIC-SHOCK) showed increased adult nicotine consumption without associated differences in baseline anxiety-like behaviour or CORT response.

conclusionsAdolescent nicotine and footshock stressors have a synergistic effect on adult nicotine consumption, enhancing nicotine intake. Avenues toward reducing stress in adolescent nicotine users may provide opportunities to reduce vulnerability to adult nicotine consumption.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnxietyCorticosteroneDrug-Seeking BehaviorElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsMaleNicotineRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySelf AdministrationCorticosteroneNicotineAddictionAdolescenceAnxiety-like behaviourCorticosteroneFootshock stressNicotineSelf-administrationSmokingStressVaping

Identifiers

PMID33649967
PMCPMC8141046
OpenAlexW3133826256

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.