ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2021
The type of visual biofeedback influences maximal handgrip strength and activation strategies.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined therapy with contralateral controlled functional electrical stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation for early post-stroke hand dysfunction.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Trial
- Acute effects of random, serial and constant intensities of isometric knee extensions on neuromuscular fatigability and motor control.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Acute responses of isometric handgrip exercise combined with blood flow restriction in the elderly.European journal of translational myology · 2026Article
- An Electromyographic Study Comparing Muscle Function During Supination and Pronation of the Forearm.Cureus · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
purposeThis study investigated the effects of force and electromyographic (EMG) feedbacks on forearm muscle activations and handgrip maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC).
methodsSixteen males performed a set of MIVC in four different feedback conditions: (1) NO-FB: no feedback is given to the participant; (2) FORCE-FB: participants received a visual feedback of the produced force; (3) AGO-FB: participants received a visual feedback of the EMG activity of two agonist grip muscles; (4) ANTAGO-FB: participants received a visual feedback of the EMG activity of two hand extensors muscles. Each feedback was displayed by monitoring the signal of either force or electrical activity of the corresponding muscles.
resultsCompared to NO-FB, FORCE-FB was associated with a higher MIVC force (+ 11%, P < 0.05), a higher EMG activity of agonist and antagonist muscles (+ 8.7% and + 9.2%, respectively, P < 0.05) and a better MIVC/EMG ratio with the agonist muscles (P < 0.05). AGO-FB was associated with a higher EMG activity of agonist muscles (P < 0.05) and ANTAGO-FB was associated with a higher EMG activity of antagonist muscles (P < 0.05). MIVC force was higher in the agonist feedback condition than in the antagonist feedback condition (+ 5.9%, P < 0.05).
conclusionOur results showed that the MIVC force can be influenced by different visuals feedback, such as force or EMG feedbacks. Moreover, these results suggested that the type of feedback employed could modify the EMG-to-force relationships. Finally, EMG biofeedback could represent an interesting tool to optimize motor strategies. But in the purpose of performing the highest strength independently of the strategy, the force feedback should be recommended.
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