Trial reportScientific reports2021
Use of bladder antimuscarinics is associated with an increased risk of dementia: a retrospective population-based case-control study.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of dementia in patients treated with anticholinergics for overactive bladder syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Pooled it
- Finding risk factors for dementia in patients with schizophrenia: a population-based case-control study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Anticholinergic Drug Use in Elderly Patients: Compliance with STOPP-START and BEERS Criteria in Spain-A Descriptive Study.Drug safety · 2026Observational
- Recent Advances in Ionic Mechanisms in Pituitary Cells: Implications for Electrophysiological and Electropharmacological Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder syndrome and the risk of incident dementia.World journal of urology · 2025Article
- Risk of dementia associated with anticholinergic drugs for overactive bladder in adults aged ≥55 years: nested case-control study.BMJ medicine · 2024Article
- Treatment of bladder dysfunction with solifenacin: is there a risk of dementia or cognitive impairment?Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2022Review
- The Effectiveness in Activating M-Type KInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The association between bladder antimuscarinic use and dementia development is unclear. We used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to determine the association between the exposure dose and duration of bladder antimuscarinics and the subsequent dementia risk. We enrolled participants aged 55 years or more and defined a dementia cohort (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 290, 294.1, and 331.0). We used a propensity score matching method, and randomly enrolled two controls without dementia. We evaluated dementia risk with respect to the exposure dose and duration of treatment with seven bladder antimuscarinics (oxybutynin, propiverine, tolterodine, solifenacin, trospium, darifenacin, and fesoterodine) used for at least 1 year before the index date, after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and medications. The dementia risk was 2.46-fold (95% confidence interval: 2.22-2.73) higher in Taiwanese patients who used bladder antimuscarinics for ≥ 1 year than in those who were not exposed to this treatment. The risk proportionally increased with increasing doses of antimuscarinics for less than 4 years. Taiwanese patients aged 55 years or more on bladder antimuscarinics exhibited a higher risk of dementia. Additional studies in other countries are required to determine whether this result is valid worldwide.
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