Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33649397›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Cholesterol loading suppresses the atheroinflammatory gene polarization of human macrophages induced by colony stimulating factors.

Jani Lappalainen, Nicolas Yeung, Su D Nguyen, Matti Jauhiainen, Petri T Kovanen, Miriam Lee-Rueckert

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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  16. Lipid-Laden Macrophages and Inflammation in AtherosclerosiFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jani LappalainenWihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Nicolas YeungWihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Su D NguyenWihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Matti JauhiainenMinerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland.
Petri T KovanenWihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland. petri.kovanen@wri.fi.
Miriam Lee-RueckertWihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Wihuri Research Institute · FIMinerva Foundation · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In atherosclerotic lesions, blood-derived monocytes differentiate into distinct macrophage subpopulations, and further into cholesterol-filled foam cells under a complex milieu of cytokines, which also contains macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Here we generated human macrophages in the presence of either M-CSF or GM-CSF to obtain M-MØ and GM-MØ, respectively. The macrophages were converted into cholesterol-loaded foam cells by incubating them with acetyl-LDL, and their atheroinflammatory gene expression profiles were then assessed. Compared with GM-MØ, the M-MØ expressed higher levels of CD36, SRA1, and ACAT1, and also exhibited a greater ability to take up acetyl-LDL, esterify cholesterol, and become converted to foam cells. M-MØ foam cells expressed higher levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1, and, correspondingly, exhibited higher rates of cholesterol efflux to apoA-I and HDL

Indexed as

MacrophagesMonocytesT-LymphocytesAtherosclerosisCells, CulturedCholesterolColony-Stimulating FactorsHumansInflammationPrimary Cell CultureCholesterolColony-Stimulating Factors

Identifiers

PMID33649397
PMCPMC7921113
OpenAlexW3133863055

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.