ReviewBehavioural brain research2021
Targeting muscarinic receptors to treat schizophrenia.
Review in Behavioural brain research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and network meta-analysis of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of xanomeline plus trospium chloride compared with eight oral antipsychotics for the acute treatment of schizophrenia.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of selected second and third generation antipsychotics on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Systematic review and network meta-analysis.International clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Is muscarinic receptor agonist effective and tolerant for schizophrenia?BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of KarXT (xanomeline-trospium) for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: post hoc analyses from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study.Translational psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Home-cage pharmacology in marmosets: behavioral effects of scopolamine.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Review
- From dopamine to muscarine: xanomeline-trospium (KarXT) as a novel direction in the psychopharmacotherapy of schizophrenia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The mechanism of action and clinical efficacy of xanomeline-trospium in schizophrenia: A comprehensive review.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Elucidating the Complex Etiology of Schizophrenia: Comprehensive Insights into the Therapeutic Roles of Natural Compounds and Pharmacological Interventions.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Scopolamine induced learning deficit in marmosets.Research square · 2025Article
- Scopolamine induced learning deficit in marmosets.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The impact of muscarinic and mGlu receptors modulators on MK-801-induced impairments in NO-dependent processes both in vitro and in vivo.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
- Molecular Underpinning of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Putative Different Neurobiology from Treatment-Responsive Schizophrenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Loss of M1 Acetylcholine Receptor-mediated Orexinergic Activity Contributes to Immune Dysfunction in Experimental Sepsis.Research square · 2025Article
- Common Genomic and Proteomic Alterations Related to Disturbed Neural Oscillatory Activity in Schizophrenia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- From betel nuts to Cobenfy: how an ancient recreational drug gave rise to a new class of schizophrenia medications.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
- Targeting muscarinic receptors in schizophrenia treatment: Novel antipsychotic xanomeline/trospium chloride.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- A single dose of haloperidol decanoate induces short-term hippocampal neuroinflammation: focus on the glial response.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
- A New Era of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Modulators in Neurological Diseases, Cancer and Drug Abuse.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Distinct Effects of Olanzapine Depot Treatment on Behavior and Muscarinic M1 Receptor Expression in the Triple-Hit Wisket Rat Model of Schizophrenia.Genes, brain, and behavior · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by a diverse range of symptoms that can have profound impacts on the lives of patients. Currently available antipsychotics target dopamine receptors, and while they are useful for ameliorating the positive symptoms of the disorder, this approach often does not significantly improve negative and cognitive symptoms. Excitingly, preclinical and clinical research suggests that targeting specific muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes could provide more comprehensive symptomatic relief with the potential to ameliorate numerous symptom domains. Mechanistic studies reveal that M1, M4, and M5 receptor subtypes can modulate the specific brain circuits and physiology that are disrupted in schizophrenia and are thought to underlie positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Novel therapeutic strategies for targeting these receptors are now advancing in clinical and preclinical development and expand upon the promise of these new treatment strategies to potentially provide more comprehensive relief than currently available antipsychotics.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.