Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33647273›Full record

Trial reportExperimental neurology2021

Daily acute intermittent hypoxia combined with walking practice enhances walking performance but not intralimb motor coordination in persons with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury.

Andrew Q Tan, Won Joon Sohn, Avantika Naidu, Randy D Trumbower

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Experimental neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05217498 phase1 / phase2not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2027, after this paper: background citation

A Selective Adenosine 2a Antagonist to Enhance Training-related Gains in Walking Function for Persons With Chronic, Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

TypeinterventionalSponsorRandy Trumbower, PT, PhDRan2027 to 2028Enrolled40ConditionsSpinal Cord Injuries, MyelopathyArmsIstradefylline, low oxygen therapy
NCT05563103 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Breathing Low Oxygen to Enhance Spinal Stimulation Training and Functional Recovery in Persons With Chronic SCI: The BO2ST Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorSpaulding Rehabilitation HospitalRan2023 to 2026Enrolled60ConditionsSpinal Cord InjuriesArmsDaily acute intermittent hypoxia, Room air (SHAM), Walking + tSTIM, Walking + Sham transcutaneous spinal stimulation (tSHAM)
NCT06521723 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Breathing Low Oxygen to Enhance Spinal Stimulation Training and Functional Recovery for Aging Adults With Chronic SCI: The BO2ST-II Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorSpaulding Rehabilitation HospitalRan2025 to 2028Enrolled60ConditionsSpinal Cord InjuriesArmsDaily acute intermittent hypoxia, Walking + tSTIM
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Acute intermittent hypoxia in spinal cord injury gait rehabilitation: a systematic review of randomized trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
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  10. Author response to Panza et al.The Journal of physiology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Andrew Q TanDepartment of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
Won Joon SohnDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Avantika NaiduSpaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Randy D TrumbowerDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA. Electronic address: randy.trumbower@mgh.harvard.edu.
Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USUniversity of Colorado Boulder · US

Funding

Mechanisms of intermittent hypoxia-induced motor recovery in persons with SCIR01HD081274 · NICHD · SPAULDING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL · PI TRUMBOWER, RANDY D · 2014 to 2018
$2.4M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD081274
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Persons living with incomplete spinal cord injuries (SCI) often struggle to regain independent walking due to deficits in walking mechanics. They often dedicate many weeks of gait training before benefits to emerge, with additional training needed for benefits to persist. Recent studies in humans with SCI found that daily bouts of breathing low oxygen (acute intermittent hypoxia, AIH) prior to locomotor training elicited persistent (weeks) improvement in overground walking speed and endurance. AIH-induced improvements in overground walking may result from changes in control strategies that also enhance intralimb coordination; however, this possibility remains untested. Here, we examined the extent to which daily AIH combined with walking practice (AIH + WALK) improved overground walking performance and intralimb motor coordination in persons with chronic, incomplete SCI.

methodsWe recruited 11 persons with chronic (> 1 year), incomplete SCI to participate in a randomized, double-blind, balanced, crossover study. Participants first received either daily (5 consecutive days) AIH (15, 90-s episodes of 10.0% O

resultsParticipants improved overground walking performance (speed and endurance) after daily AIH + WALK, but not SHAM+WALK. Following daily AIH + WALK, participants decreased their 10MWT time at T

conclusionsConsistent with prior studies, daily AIH + WALK triggered improvements in walking speed and endurance that persisted for weeks after treatment. Greatest improvements in speed occurred in participants who used bilateral walking aids. No change in EV and ACC may suggest that intralimb motor coordination was not a significant gait training priority during daily AIH + WALK.

Indexed as

HypoxiaAdultAgedChronic DiseaseCombined Modality TherapyCross-Over StudiesDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychomotor PerformanceRecovery of FunctionSpinal Cord InjuriesTime FactorsWalkingAcute intermittent hypoxiaAngular coefficient of correspondenceEndpoint variabilityIncomplete spinal cord injuryMotor coordinationRehabilitationWalkingWalking aid

Identifiers

PMID33647273
PMCPMC8119335
OpenAlexW3133564596

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.