ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2021
Local cooling during hot water immersion improves perceptions without inhibiting the acute interleukin-6 response.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of hot-water immersion on cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory health of healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Physiological reports · 2026Pooled it
- Expert consensus on passive heating interventions to promote skeletal muscle strength and mass: a delphi study.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Whole-blood transcriptomic response to whole-body hyperthermia in participants with major depressive disorder.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Vascular, inflammatory and perceptual responses to hot water immersion: Impacts of water depth and temperature in young healthy adults.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Heat therapy: Strategies to enhance thermal comfort without compromising benefits.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Facial cooling improves thermal perceptions and maintains the interleukin-6 response during passive heating: A sex comparison.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2025Article
- Hot water immersion is associated with higher thermal comfort than dry passive heating for a similar rise in rectal temperature and plasma interleukin-6 concentration.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- The effect of age and mitigation strategies during hot water immersion on orthostatic intolerance and thermal stress.Experimental physiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePassive elevation of body temperature can induce an acute inflammatory response that has been proposed to be beneficial; however, it can be perceived as uncomfortable. Here, we investigate whether local cooling of the upper body during hot water immersion can improve perception without inhibiting the interleukin-6 (IL-6) response.
methodsNine healthy male participants (age: 22 ± 1 years, body mass: 83.4 ± 9.4 kg) were immersed up to the waist for three 60-min water immersion conditions: 42 °C hot water immersion (HWI), 42 °C HWI with simultaneous upper-body cooling using a fan (FAN), and 36 °C thermoneutral water immersion (CON). Blood samples to determine IL-6 plasma concentration were collected pre- and post-water immersion; basic affect and thermal comfort were assessed throughout the intervention.
resultsPlasma IL-6 concentration was higher for HWI and FAN when compared with CON (P < 0.01) and did not differ between HWI and FAN (P = 0.22; pre to post, HWI: 1.0 ± 0.6 to 1.5 ± 0.7 pg·ml
conclusionLocal cooling of the upper body during hot water immersion improves basic affect and thermal comfort without inhibiting the acute IL-6 response.
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Registered trials
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