ReviewChronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies for Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Current State, Challenges and Future Directions.
Review in Chronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05422768 (PTSD Clinical Team Research Clinic), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PTSD Clinical Team Research Clinic (PCT Research Clinic)
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Are equine-assisted services beneficial for military veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder? A systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Equine-assisted services for people living with dementia: a systematic review.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Equine-assisted interventions for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The neural and physiological mechanisms of Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAI): A systematic review and integrated framework.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Horsepower: equine-assisted interventions are associated with reduced PTSD symptoms, improved sleep quality, and quality of life in military veterans with treatment-resistant PTSD.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Elucidate Neurophysiological Mechanism of Action of Equine-Assisted Services: Proof-of-Concept Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Are Equine Assisted Interactions (EAI) a Dark Horse Bet? A Systematic Review on Measuring the Psychological and Physiological Effects of EAI on PTSD, Anxiety and/or Mood Disorders.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Psychophysiological effects of equine-facilitated psychotherapy on Veterans with PTSD and their horse partners.Journal of military, veteran and family health · 2024Article
- An Exploratory Study into the Backgrounds and Perspectives of Equine-Assisted Service Practitioners.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Potential Mechanisms of Action and Outcomes of Equine-Assisted Services for Veterans with a History of Trauma: A Narrative Review of the Literature.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Equine-assisted services for individuals with substance use disorders: a scoping review.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2022Article
- Impact of Equine-Assisted Interventions on Heart Rate Variability in Two Participants with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Pilot Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder is common among military Veterans. While effective treatments exist, many Veterans either do not engage in treatment or fail to achieve full remission. Thus, there is a need to develop adjunctive complementary interventions to enhance treatment engagement and/or response. Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) are one category of animal assisted interventions that might serve this function. The aim of this article is to review the current state and challenges regarding the use of EAAT for Veterans with PTSD and provide a roadmap to move the field forward. EAAT hold promise as adjunctive complementary interventions for symptom reduction among Veterans with PTSD. Additionally, there is evidence that these approaches may enhance wellbeing in this population. At this time, many gaps in the literature exist and rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn. The authors of this work provide recommendations as a roadmap to move the field forward. These include standardizing the EAAT nomenclature, focusing mechanism of action studies on the human-horse bond using biological metrics and using a standardized intervention model across studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.