ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2021
In Well-Treated Celiac Patients Low-Level Mucosal Inflammation Predicts Response to 14-day Gluten Challenge.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02464150 (Gluten Challenge in Celiac Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Gluten Challenge in Celiac Disease
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease (ESsCD) 2025 Updated Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Coeliac Disease in Adults. Part 2: Management, Follow-Up, and Complex Disease Courses.United European gastroenterology journal · 2026Guideline
- Pilot study indicates that a gluten-free diet lowers oxidative stress for gluten-sensitive persons with schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2024Trial
- Connecting Skin and Gut in Dermatitis Herpetiformis: Insights from Gluten Challenge Transcriptomics.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- A set of serum proteomic biomarkers differentiates celiac children from age and human leukocyte antigen-matched healthy controls.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Article
- IFN-γ is a direct driver of crypt hyperplasia in celiac disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Past, Present, and Future of Noninvasive Tests to Assess Gluten Exposure, Celiac Disease Activity, and End-Organ Damage.Gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Comparative proteomics analysis of the mouse mini-gut organoid: insights into markers of gluten challenge from celiac disease intestinal biopsies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Article
- Prevalence of vomiting and nausea and associated factors after chronic and acute gluten exposure in celiac disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Peculiar CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Expression of transglutaminase 2 in human gut epithelial cells: Implications for coeliac disease.PloS one · 2023Article
- Mucosal Healing in Celiac Disease: Villous Architecture and Immunohistochemical Features in Children on a Long-Term Gluten Free Diet.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Review
- Persistent symptoms are diverse and associated with health concerns and impaired quality of life in patients with paediatric coeliac disease diagnosis after transition to adulthood.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Pivotal Role of Inflammation in Celiac Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Inflammation Is Present, Persistent and More Sensitive to Proinflammatory Triggers in Celiac Disease Enterocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Response to: "Some considerations about γδ and CD8+ T-cell responses in blood after gluten challenge in treated celiac disease".Mucosal immunology · 2021Article
- In Well-Treated Celiac Patients Low-Level Mucosal Inflammation Predicts Response to 14-day Gluten Challenge.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In celiac disease (CeD), gluten activates adaptive immune cells that cause damage to the small intestinal mucosa. Histological evaluation of intestinal biopsies allows for grading of disease severity. CeD can effectively be treated with a life-long gluten-free diet. Gluten challenge of treated CeD patients is used to confirm diagnosis and to test drug efficacy in clinical trials, but patients respond with different magnitudes to the same gluten challenge. In this study of 19 well-treated CeD patients, proteome analysis of total tissue or isolated epithelial cell compartment from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded biopsies collected before and after 14-day gluten challenge demonstrates that patients with strong mucosal response to challenge have signs of ongoing tissue inflammation already before challenge. This low-level tissue inflammation at baseline is paralleled by increased gluten specific CD4+ T-cell frequencies in the gut and presence of a low-level blood inflammatory profile. Thus, apparently well-treated CeD is frequently not entirely quiescent, with presence of low-grade inflammation and antigluten immunity in the gut mucosa. Histology assessment alone appears insufficient to judge full recovery and gut mucosal healing of CeD patients. The findings raise a concern whether a seemingly proper gluten-free diet is able to curb gut inflammation in all CeD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.