ReviewFrontiers in neurology2021
Considering Biological Sex in Traumatic Brain Injury.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Scale of Neurodegeneration in Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies.Annals of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Olfactory Dysfunction Following Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2023Pooled it
- Demographic reporting across a decade of neuroimaging: a systematic review.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Pooled it
- Association between single moderate to severe traumatic brain injury and long-term tauopathy in humans and preclinical animal models: a systematic narrative review of the literature.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- The physiological effects of APOE genotype in healthy young/middle-aged individuals.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Article
- Incidences of Concussion in the United States: A Review of Health Insurance Claims.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Sex differences for clinical presentations and co-pathologies in four-repeat tauopathies.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Effect of Traumatic Brain Injury on Sensorimotor Gating.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Pre-Clinical Models of Traumatic Brain Injury-A Narrative Review Towards "Animal Neuro-ICUs".Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Secular trends of incidence and prevalence of Parkinsonism subtypes: a cohort study in the United Kingdom.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Severity and Recovery Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Sex differences in memory impairments after traumatic brain injury: mechanisms and models.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Relating brain function to cognitive-visuomotor integration performance in working-aged adults with persisting concussion symptoms.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Progressive lifespan modifications in the corpus callosum following a single concussion in juvenile male mice monitored by diffusion MRI.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- The Polytrauma Clinical Triad Among Women with a History of Intimate Partner Violence.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- Broadening dementia risk models: building on the 2024 Lancet Commission report for a more inclusive global framework.EBioMedicine · 2025Review
- Sexually Dimorphic Responses Reveal Multifaceted Benefits of Glibenclamide in Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- Targeting neuroinflammation: 3-monothiopomalidomide a new drug candidate to mitigate traumatic brain injury and neurodegeneration.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- A study of traumatic brain injury in Puerto Rico.The journal of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · 2025Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Published epidemiological studies of traumatic brain injury (TBI) of all severities consistently report higher incidence in men. Recent increases in the participation of women in sports and active military service as well as increasing awareness of the very large number of women who sustain but do not report TBI as a result of intimate partner violence (IPV) suggest that the number of women with TBI is significantly larger than previously believed. Women are also grossly under-represented in clinical and natural history studies of TBI, most of which include relatively small numbers of women, ignore the role of sex- and age-related gonadal hormone levels, and report conflicting results. The emerging picture from recent studies powered to detect effects of biological sex as well as age (as a surrogate of hormonal status) suggest young (i.e., premenopausal) women are more likely to die from TBI relative to men of the same age group, but this is reversed in the 6th and 7th decades of life, coinciding with postmenopausal status in women. New data from concussion studies in young male and female athletes extend this finding to mild TBI, since female athletes who sustained mild TBI are significantly more likely to report more symptoms than males. Studies including information on gonadal hormone status at the time of injury are still too scarce and small to draw reliable conclusions, so there is an urgent need to include biological sex and gonadal hormone status in the design and analysis of future studies of TBI.
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