Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33642943›Full record

ReviewCurrent anesthesiology reports2021

The Current Role of General Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery.

Laurence Ring, Ruth Landau, Carlos Delgado

4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current anesthesiology reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05237011 unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Peripartum Anesthetic Management of Patients With Preeclampsia: Prospective Cohort International Observational Study

TypeobservationalSponsorShaare Zedek Medical CenterRan2022 to 2023Enrolled1,500ConditionsPreeclampsia
NCT05493891 completednot on this map

Testing the Association Between Low Back Pain Intensity and Core Muscle Strength in Women Who Underwent Cesarean or Vaginal Deliveries

TypeobservationalSponsorSouth Valley UniversityRan2021 to 2023Enrolled36ConditionsLow Back Pain and Core MuscleArmsVisual analogue scale (VAS), Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU)
NCT06160583 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

General Anesthesia in Obstetric Patients for Cesarean Section, Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes

Typeobservational_patient_registrySponsorHospital Civil de GuadalajaraRan2023 to 2024Enrolled5,000ConditionsAnesthesia, Perinatal Morbidity, Maternal-Fetal Relations
NCT06281249 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Real-time Spine Ultrasound Imaging System: Data Collection Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorStanford UniversityRan2026 to 2027Enrolled100ConditionsLabor Pain, Cesarean Delivery Regional Anesthesia InductionArmsUltrasound placement device
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. General anesthesia for cesarean delivery: Israeli national survey.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Laurence RingDepartment of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA.
Ruth LandauDepartment of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3737-7536
Carlos DelgadoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center · USUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of the reviewThe use of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery has declined in the last decades due to the widespread utilization of neuraxial techniques and the understanding that neuraxial anesthesia can be provided even in urgent circumstances. In fact, the role of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery has been revisited, because despite recent devices facilitating endotracheal intubation and clinical algorithms, guiding anesthesiologists facing challenging scenarios, risks, and complications of general anesthesia at the time of delivery for both mother and neonate(s) remain significant. In this review, we will discuss clinical scenarios and risk factors associated with general anesthesia for cesarean delivery and address reasons why anesthesiologists should apply strategies to minimize its use. RECENT

findingsUnnecessary general anesthesia for cesarean delivery is associated with maternal complications, including serious anesthesia-related complications, surgical site infection, and venous thromboembolic events. Racial and socioeconomic disparities and low-resource settings are major contributing factors in the use of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery, with both maternal and perinatal mortality increasing when general anesthesia is provided. In addition, more significant maternal pain and higher rates of postpartum depression requiring hospitalization are associated with general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. SUMMARY: Rates of general anesthesia for cesarean delivery have overall decreased, and while general anesthesia no longer is a contributing factor to anesthesia-related maternal deaths, further opportunities to reduce its use should be emphasized. Raising awareness in identifying situations and patients at risk to help avoid unnecessary general anesthesia remains crucial.

Indexed as

Cesarean deliveryGeneral anesthesiaMaternal complicationsRapid sequence spinal anesthesia

Identifiers

PMID33642943
PMCPMC7902754
OpenAlexW3132750507

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.