Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33640157›Full record

ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2021

Reparations for Black American descendants of persons enslaved in the U.S. and their potential impact on SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Eugene T Richardson, Momin M Malik, William A Darity, A Kirsten Mullen, Michelle E Morse, Maya Malik, Aletha Maybank, Mary T Bassett, Paul E Farmer, Lee Worden and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Race, wealth and health: The role of reparations.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. The evolution of similarity-biased social learning.Evolutionary human sciences · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Stolen Lives: Redress for Slavery's and Jim Crow's Ongoing Theft of Lifespan.The Russell Sage Foundation journal of the social sciences : RSF · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Eugene T RichardsonDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: Eugene_Richardson@hms.harvard.edu.
Momin M MalikBerkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
William A DaritySanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
A Kirsten MullenArtefactual, Durham, NC, USA.
Michelle E MorseDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Maya MalikMcGill University, School of Social Work, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Aletha MaybankAmerican Medical Association, Chicago, IL, USA.
Mary T BassettFrançois-Xavier Bagnoud (FXB) Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Paul E FarmerDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Lee WordenProctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
James Holland JonesDepartment of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Funding

Religion, Spirituality and CVD Risks: A Focus on African AmericansR01MD011606 · NIMHD · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI BENTLEY-EDWARDS, KEISHA L. · 2017 to 2021
$3.1M
Ebola modeling: behavior, asymptomatic infection, and contacts (2019-nCoV Admin Supplement)R01GM130900 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PORCO, TRAVIS CHRISTIAN · 2019 to 2022
$1.6M
Social Epidemiology of Ebola Virus DiseaseK08AI139361 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI RICHARDSON, EUGENE THOMAS · 2019 to 2022
$751k
NIAID NIH HHS K08 AI139361NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM130900NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD011606
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the United States, Black Americans are suffering from a significantly disproportionate incidence of COVID-19. Going beyond mere epidemiological tallying, the potential for racial-justice interventions, including reparations payments, to ameliorate these disparities has not been adequately explored.

methodsWe compared the COVID-19 time-varying R

resultsOnce their respective epidemics begin to propagate, Louisiana displays R DISCUSSION: While there are compelling moral and historical arguments for racial-injustice interventions such as reparations, our study considers potential health benefits in the form of reduced SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk. A restitutive program targeted towards Black individuals would not only decrease COVID-19 risk for recipients of the wealth redistribution; the mitigating effects would also be distributed across racial groups, benefiting the population at large.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanCOVID-19HumansLouisianaRepublic of KoreaSARS-CoV-2United StatesCOVID-19Health disparitiesMathematical modelRacismReparationsRisk structure

Identifiers

PMID33640157
PMCPMC7871902

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.