Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2021
Traditional and non-traditional risk factors for peripheral artery disease development/progression in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of peripheral artery disease and risk factors among patients with diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring the prevalence and risk factors of peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2025Pooled it
- Analysis of the Relationship of Glycated Hemoglobin with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Arterial Stiffness in Non-Diabetic Patients: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- A multimodal nomogram for predicting disease progression in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease: integrating clinical, ultrasound, and angiographic data.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Prevalence and determinants of complications of type 2 diabetes in a community screening program in Kerala.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Abnormal vascular thickness and stiffness in young adults with type 1 diabetes: new insights from cutting-edge ultrasound modalities.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Observational
- Predictors of microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at regional referral hospitals in the central zone, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ultrasonic AccV: a potential indicator of peripheral arteriosclerosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- The Association Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Its Combination with Obesity Indicators and Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Visit-to-visit HbA1c variability is associated with aortic stiffness progression in participants with type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Combined evaluation of arterial stiffness, glycemic control and hypertension for macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Association of ambulatory blood pressure with coronary microvascular and cardiac dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Article
- Prognostic impact of liver fibrosis and steatosis by transient elastography for cardiovascular and mortality outcomes in individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro Cohort Study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prognostic importance of non-traditional risk factors for peripheral artery disease (PAD) development/progression is scarcely studied in diabetes. We investigated if carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) added prognostic information beyond traditional cardiovascular risk markers for PAD outcomes.
methodsAnkle-brachial index (ABI) was measured at baseline and after a median of 91 months of follow-up in 681 individuals with type 2 diabetes. Multivariate Cox regressions examined the associations between the candidate variables and the outcome. PAD development/progression was defined by a reduction in ABI ≥ 0.15 (to a level < 0.9) or limb revascularization procedures, lower-extremity amputations or death due to PAD. The improvement in risk discrimination was assessed by increases in C-statistics of the models.
resultsSeventy-seven patients developed/progressed PAD: 50 reduced ABI to < 0.9, seven had lower-limb revascularizations, and 20 had amputations or death. Age, male sex, diabetes duration, presence of microvascular complications (peripheral neuropathy and diabetic kidney disease), baseline HbA
conclusionsIncreased CIMT and aortic stiffness are associated with greater risks of developing/progressing PAD, beyond traditional risk factors, in type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.