Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33639684›Full record

Observational studyAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP2021

Analysis of the Immunoexpression of Opioid Receptors and their Correlation with Markers of Angiogenesis, Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer.

Alceu Machado De Sousa, Thinali Sousa Dantas, Paulo Goberlânio De Barros Silva, Conceição Da Silva Martins, Gildenio Estevam Freire, Howard Lopes Ribeiro Junior, Gerly Anne De Castro Brito, Karuza Maria Alves Pereira, Renata Ferreira De Carvalho Leitão

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Alceu Machado De SousaDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Thinali Sousa DantasDivision of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-2543-3315
Paulo Goberlânio De Barros SilvaDivision of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-1513-9027
Conceição Da Silva MartinsDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Gildenio Estevam FreireDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Howard Lopes Ribeiro JuniorDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Gerly Anne De Castro BritoDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Karuza Maria Alves PereiraDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-2880-6466
Renata Ferreira De Carvalho LeitãoDepartment of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Ceará · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveBreast cancer is a disease of great concern. The prognosis of this tumor is related to its staging. Opioids are widely used to minimize pain in oncology clinics; however, the relationship between the administration of opioids and their effects on tumor cells has yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the immunoexpression of mu- (μ) and kappa- (κ) opioid receptors and their correlation with markers of angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in biopsies of breast tumors.

methodsDemographic data, tumor characteristics, opioid use, and prognostic factors were collected from medical records. After the selection of the excisional biopsies, immunohistochemistry was performed for μ- and κ-opioid receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Ki-67, and TUNEL.

resultsA significant predominance of Ki-67 and μ-opioid receptor immunoexpression in the lymph nodes was observed in patients administered opioid medications. The luminal A subtype showed higher apoptosis levels (TUNEL) compared to the luminal B subtype. Patients with T4 tumor who had recurrence demonstrated a reduced expression of κ-opioid receptors at the lymph node location. Correlation analyses between the μ and κ opioid markers, VEGF, Ki-67, and TUNEL showed that these findings are likely involved in the same mechanisms the cancer of T4 stage breast cancer.

conclusionThe κ-opioid receptor has a lower immunoexpression in nodal tumor metastasis with recurrence, whereas the μ-opioid receptor is directly related to expression of TUNEL-positive cells  in tumors and indirectly to Ki-67 in nodal metastasis. Neither of the two receptors was expressed in the primary tumor or nodal metastasis in relation to VEGF.

Indexed as

ApoptosisBreast NeoplasmsCell ProliferationCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansKi-67 AntigenLymph NodesMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingReceptors, Opioid, kappaReceptors, Opioid, muRetrospective StudiesVascular Endothelial Growth Factor AKi-67 AntigenReceptors, Opioid, kappaReceptors, Opioid, muVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Akappa-opioide receptorLuminal Aluminal Bmu-opioide receptorPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID33639684
PMCPMC8190334
OpenAlexW3135681995

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.