ArticleAging2021
The efficiency and safety of high-dose vitamin C in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Aging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of vitamin C in COVID-19 management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- The Association Between Antioxidants and COVID-19 Outcomes: a Systematic Review on Observational Studies.Biological trace element research · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin C Supplementation for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamins C and D and COVID-19 Susceptibility, Severity and Progression: An Evidence Based Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical significance of micronutrient supplements in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical nutrition ESPEN · 2022Pooled it
- Intravenous vitamin C use and risk of severity and mortality in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- The effectiveness of high-dose intravenous vitamin C for patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Complementary therapies in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of Vitamin C on Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: An Observational Study and Subsequent Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Advances in anti-inflammatory treatment of sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Vitamin D: A Nutraceutical Supplement at the Crossroad Between Respiratory Infections and COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Herbal and Dietary Supplements as Adjunctive Treatment for Mild SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Italy.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Does COVID-19 Trigger the Risk for the Development of Parkinson's Disease? Therapeutic Potential of Vitamin C.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Safety of High-Dose Vitamin C in Non-Intensive Care Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: An Open-Label Clinical Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Clinical Course and Factors Associated With Hospital Admission and Mortality among Sars-Cov 2 Patients within Nairobi Metropolitan Area.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Vitamin D Supplementation in Neonatal and Infant MIS-C Following COVID-19 Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Vitamin C: Rationale for Its Use in Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The impact of vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc supplements on immune status among Jordanian adults during COVID-19: cross-sectional study findings.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Potent Antiviral Activity of Vitamin B12 against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus 229E.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Nutritional Supplements for Attenuating the Side Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.Nutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe inflammatory reaction is the main cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019, especially those with severe and critical illness. Several studies suggested that high-dose vitamin C reduced inflammatory reaction associated with sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of high-dose vitamin C in Coronavirus disease 2019.
methodsWe included 76 patients with Coronavirus disease 2019, classified into the high-dose vitamin C group (loading dose of 6g intravenous infusion per 12 hr on the first day, and 6g once for the following 4 days, n=46) and the standard therapy group (standard therapy alone, n=30).
resultsThe risk of 28-day mortality was reduced for the high-dose vitamin C versus the standard therapy group (HR=0.14, 95% CI, 0.03-0.72). Oxygen support status was improved more with high-dose vitamin C than standard therapy (63.9% vs 36.1%). No safety events were associated with high-dose vitamin C therapy.
conclusionHigh-dose vitamin C may reduce the mortality and improve oxygen support status in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 without adverse events.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.