Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33638130›Full record

ReviewDrug delivery and translational research2021

Intranasal drug delivery for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Leonor C Fonseca, João A Lopes, João Vieira, Cláudia Viegas, Cláudia S Oliveira, Rafael P Hartmann, Pedro Fonte

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Drug delivery and translational research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Chronic, combinatorial targeting of NMDARs and 5-HTNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Intranasal Delivery of Lithium Salt Suppresses Inflammatory Pyroptosis in the Brain and Ameliorates Memory Loss and Depression-like Behavior in 5XFAD Mice.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Leonor C FonsecaCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
João A LopesCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
João VieiraCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
Cláudia ViegasCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
Cláudia S OliveiraCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
Rafael P HartmannCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
Pedro FonteCenter for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal. prfonte@ualg.pt.ORCID 0000-0002-1115-9282
University of Algarve · PTInstitute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering · PT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition with severe consequences interfering with patient quality of life. It is characterized as a progressive and irreversible brain disorder hampering memory and thinking, affecting the capacity to perform daily tasks leading to physical and cognitive incapacitation. The conventional treatment occurs by the oral route, but it presents relevant drawbacks such as low bioavailability, fast metabolism, limited brain exposure, and undesirable side effects. The intranasal route has been proposed as a promising alternative to deliver drugs and improve the Alzheimer's disease treatment. Still, there is not a clear alternative delivery system available in the market with advantageous bioavailability and safety. The aim of this review is to perform an overview on the strategies for drug intranasal delivery for Alzheimer's disease treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of this delivery route and the delivery systems developed so far are discussed. A special focus is given on the use of permeation enhancers, the types of intranasal drug delivery devices, as well as possible toxicity concerns.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseasePharmaceutical PreparationsAdministration, IntranasalBlood-Brain BarrierBrainDrug Delivery SystemsHumansQuality of LifePharmaceutical PreparationsBlood-brain barrierCentral nervous systemNanoparticleNeurodegenerativePermeation enhancerProtein

Identifiers

PMID33638130
OpenAlexW3130924025

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.