Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33638118›Full record

ArticleChromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology2021

CEA, CA 15-3, and miRNA expression as potential biomarkers in canine mammary tumors.

Mohit Jain, Shailesh D Ingole, Rahul S Deshmukh, Simin V Bharucha, Anagha S Nagvekar, Rajiv V Gaikwad, Shambhudeo D Kharde

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The role of epigenetic alterations in canine mammary cancer.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026
    Review
  2. Low-Invasive Biomarkers of Canine Mammary Tumours.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review of Molecular Technologies for Investigating Canine Cancer.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Epigenetic alterations in canine mammary cancer.Genetics and molecular biology · 2022
    Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mohit JainMumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Parel, 400 012, Mumbai, India.
Shailesh D IngoleMumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Parel, 400 012, Mumbai, India. sdingole@mvc.ac.in.ORCID 0000-0002-9177-1331
Rahul S DeshmukhDepartment of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Mumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Mumbai, India.
Simin V BharuchaMumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Parel, 400 012, Mumbai, India.
Anagha S NagvekarMumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Parel, 400 012, Mumbai, India.
Rajiv V GaikwadTeaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Mumbai, India.
Shambhudeo D KhardeMumbai Veterinary College, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Parel, 400 012, Mumbai, India.
Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The most often detected tumor in intact bitches is mammary tumors and represents a significant clinical problem throughout the world. Mammary neoplasms in canine have heterogeneous morphology, so the choice of the most appropriate biomarker is the biggest challenge in CMT detection. We performed a retrospective analysis and evaluated the canine cancer antigens and miRNA expression profiles as potential biomarkers. Sixty dogs based on histological examination divided into three groups, viz., dogs with a benign mammary tumor, malignant mammary tumor, and control/healthy. The CA 15-3 was found more sensitive than CEA but detection of both will increase sensitivity. miR-21 expression differed significantly in all three groups. miR-29b expression differed significantly between the control and benign group and control and malignant group. The miR-21 overexpression and miR-29b downregulation with CMT are associated with clinical stage and can be used as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Hence, evaluation of CA 15-3 along with CEA would be a non-invasive technique for detecting canine mammary tumors. Evaluation of deregulated circulating miR-21 could be a valuable prognostic marker for early detection of mammary tumors in canines while miR-29b can add sensitivity in the detection of the canine mammary tumors if evaluated with miR-21.

Indexed as

Dog DiseasesMammary Neoplasms, AnimalMicroRNAsAnimalsBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoembryonic AntigenDogsRetrospective StudiesBiomarkers, TumorCarcinoembryonic AntigenMicroRNAsCA 15-3canineCEAmammary tumormiRNA

Identifiers

PMID33638118
OpenAlexW3131402772

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.