ArticleMilitary medicine2022
Using the Socio-ecological Model to Explore Facilitators and Deterrents of Tobacco Use Among Airmen in Technical Training.
Article in Military medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Using the socio-ecological model in understanding antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic usage in the lakeshore communities of Calamba and Pila, Laguna, Philippines.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- From periodontal inflammation to oral cancer: the impact of smokeless tobacco.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- A social-ecological examination of sleep among Airmen in technical training.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2024Article
- Motives of Tobacco Use Among Young Adults in the United States Air Force.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2023Article
- "It Depends on Where You Are and What Job You Do": Differences in Tobacco Use across Career Fields in the United States Air Force.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Young Adults May Be Engaging in Risky Behaviors with their E-Cigarettes.Military behavioral health · 2022Article
- "Nobody Views It As a Negative Thing to Smoke": A Qualitative Study of the Relationship Between United States Air Force Culture and Tobacco Use.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMilitary personnel have some of the highest rates of tobacco use in the USA. Within the Air Force, a common point of Airmen's (re-)initiation of tobacco use is during technical training once the tobacco ban has been lifted. Unfortunately, little is known about what factors facilitate and deter tobacco use during technical training. The socio-ecological model, which emphasizes multiple levels of influence on behavior (e.g., personal, intrapersonal, and environmental), provides a strong and comprehensive basis for which to explore factors that may impact tobacco use during technical training. MATERIALS AND
methodsTwenty-two focus groups were conducted among Airmen (n = 10), Military Training Leaders (MTLs, n = 7), and Technical Training Instructors (TTIs, n = 5). Semi-structured focus group protocols were developed based on the socio-ecological model and included questions intended to elicit factors that facilitated and deterred tobacco use during technical training. Focus groups were transcribed and then coded using a hybrid deductive-inductive process.
resultsAt the personal level, five factors were identified that influenced tobacco use: choice, fit with lifestyle, associations with the tobacco experience, association with military job outcomes, and association with health outcomes. Three interpersonal level factors were identified: peer influence, leadership influence, and normative beliefs. There were two influential environmental level factors: pricing and promotion and access to tobacco. Except for normative beliefs, all personal, interpersonal, and environmental-level factors were discussed as having aspects that could either facilitate or deter tobacco use. Normative beliefs, an interpersonal-level factor, were only discussed as a facilitator of tobacco use.
conclusionsTaken together, study findings can be used to enhance the effectiveness of tobacco prevention and cessation programs for Air Force Technical Trainees. Specific strategies to support the reduction of tobacco use among Airmen are presented.
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